Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of Temperatures on Growth Characteristics
2.2. Effect of Temperatures on Contents of Ferulic Acid, Flavonoids, Ligustilide, Volatile Oils and Polysaccharides
2.3. Effect of Temperatures on Gene Expression Related to Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis
2.4. Effect of Temperatures on Gene Expression Related to Volatile Oils and Polysaccharide Biosynthesis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Physiological Measurement
4.3. Metabolites Determination
4.3.1. Extracts Preparation
4.3.2. Determination of Ferulic Acid and Ligustilide Contents
4.3.3. Determination of Flavonoids Content
4.3.4. Determination of Polysaccharides Content
4.3.5. Volatile Oils Determination
4.4. Quantification of mRNA
4.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Genes | Accession No. | Sequences (5′ to 3′) | Amplicon Size (bp) |
---|---|---|---|
ACT | [26] | Forward: TGGTATTGTGCTGGATTCTGGT | 109 |
Reverse: TGAGATCACCACCAGCAAGG | |||
Ferulic acid Biosynthesis | |||
PAL1 | XM_017399483.1 | Forward: GGACTTGACAGTAGGGCAG | 146 |
Reverse: CCCCGTAACTATCCGTTCCTT | |||
4CLL4 | XM_017376722.1 | Forward: AAGCAGTGTTTCAGAGGCAG | 105 |
Reverse: GCTGAGCGCGGTATTGAGTT | |||
4CLL5 | XM_017388768.1 | Forward: CGGGACGAGTAAAGGAGTGG | 171 |
Reverse: AGCGTTGCTACAAACCAAGC | |||
4CLL7 | KJ531407.1 | Forward: TGCTCCGTTGGGTAGAGAGT | 164 |
Reverse: CTCCAGGCACAAGCATTCCT | |||
4CLL9 | XM_017397573.1 | Forward: GGTGGGGAAGCTAACAGGTC | 183 |
Reverse: TCGCCAGTTCTTAACCAGCC | |||
HCT | XM_017397289.1 | Forward: CCGGTGACATATCTGCGTGT | 171 |
Reverse: GCGGAATGGCAATGGAAAGG | |||
C3H | [26] | Forward: CAATCCAAGTTGACGACGAA | 119 |
Reverse: CGAAGGCGAAACATAGGC | |||
CCOAMT | AY620245.1 | Forward: TCGGCTACGACAACACCCTA | 157 |
Reverse: TCGCCAACAGGAAGCATACA | |||
CCR1 | XM_017403617.1 | Forward: CCATTCATGGATGCGTTGGT | 135 |
Reverse: CCACACGTCTCACATTGGCT | |||
COMT1 | XM_010673030.2 | Forward: TGGCGGAAAGGTAGTCGTTG | 130 |
Reverse: TTCAGTCCTCTCACTTCCGC | |||
Flavonoid Biosynthesis | |||
CHS | KP726914.1 | Forward: GCAAAGACGCTGCATCCAAA | 126 |
Reverse: GGAGCTTGGTGAGCTGGTAG | |||
CHI | XM_017365109.1 | Forward: GTGTTTCCCCAGCTGCAAAG | 102 |
Reverse: TTCCGACTTCTGCTTTCCCA | |||
I3′H | XM_017363227.1 | Forward: GGCCACCTTCACCTCATCAA | 173 |
Reverse: GGGCGGTCAGCTAAAACAAC | |||
GT6 | XM_017383880.1 | Forward: TTCGGTGCCCATCACAAGAA | 166 |
Reverse: AATCCTCCGACAGATGCGTG | |||
Volatile oils Biosynthesis | |||
AIMT1 | B8RCD3.1 | Forward: CGCTAGTCTTTTGAGCGAAGC | 119 |
Reverse: CATGGGCACCTCCTACATCC | |||
BEAT | O64988.1 | Forward: GATCAAGCCAGCAGTGATGC | 147 |
Reverse: ACTTCAACACGTGTAGGCCG | |||
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis | |||
SUS1 | XM_017363708.1 | Forward: ATGAAGTCCACACAGGAAGCC | 124 |
Reverse: CGACGACAAGGTGATGAGTG | |||
Amy2 | V00718.1 | Forward: TCTTCTGAGCCCTGGAGTGT | 117 |
Reverse: TCCAGGGAAGCCTCATGGAT | |||
WAXY | AJ006293.1 | Forward: GCACTCATCCTCCATTCAGAG | 167 |
Reverse: TCCGTTACTGATCCACCAGC |
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Dong, H.; Li, M.; **, L.; **e, X.; Li, M.; Wei, J. Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis. Molecules 2022, 27, 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010320
Dong H, Li M, ** L, **e X, Li M, Wei J. Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis. Molecules. 2022; 27(1):320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010320
Chicago/Turabian StyleDong, Han, Meiling Li, Ling **, **aorong **e, Mengfei Li, and Jianhe Wei. 2022. "Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis" Molecules 27, no. 1: 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010320