Conductometric and Fluorescence Probe Analysis to Investigate the Interaction between Bioactive Peptide and Bile Salts: A Micellar State Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Details
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Experimental Process
2.2.1. Conductivity Measurements
2.2.2. Fluorescence Measurements
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Conductivity Studies
3.1.1. Micellization of Bile Salts in Aqueous Medium of Glycyl Dipeptide
3.1.2. Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC)
- There is a decrease in the thickness of the solvation layer surrounding the (ionic) head groups of the bile salts.
- The electrostatic repulsive kind of interactions are also lessened amongst the negatively charged part of the bile salts.
3.1.3. Temperature Dependence of XCMC (or CMC)
3.1.4. Thermodynamics of Micellization of NaC and NaDC in Aqueous Glycyl Dipeptide
T/K | NaC | NaDC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(kJ∙mol−1) | (J∙K−1∙mol−1) | (kJ∙mol−1) | (kJ∙mol−1) | (J∙K−1∙mol−1) | (kJ∙mol−1) | |||
Water | ||||||||
293.15 | 0.804 (0.790) a | 6.72 (5.18) a | 0.105 (0.099) a | −24.07 (−24.06) a | 0.677 (0.662) a | 31.32 (22.92) a | 0.207 (0.179) a | −29.40 (−24.06) a |
298.15 | 0.803 (0.791) a (0.850) b | 3.17 (1.79) a (0.97) b | 0.093 (0.088) a (0.086) b | −24.59 (−24.50) a (−24.60) b | 0.667 (0.668) a (0.780) b | 18.11 (15.74) a (0.57) b | 0.163 (0.154) a (0.098) b | −30.41 (−30.13) a (−28.50) b |
303.15 | 0.799 (0.780) a | −0.65 (−1.86) a | 0.081 (0.077) a | −25.10 (−25.14) a | 0.762 (0.761) a | 03.44 (0.757) a | 0.107 (0.120) a | −28.89 (−28.68) a |
308.15 | 0.847 (0.828) a | −4.55 (−5.55) a | 0.065 (0.062) a | −24.46 (24.29) a | 0.774 (0.765) a | −10.76 (0.00) a | 0.059 (0.095) a | −29.02 (−29.12) a |
313.15 | 0.861 (0.834) a | −8.63 (−9.50) a | 0.051 (0.048) a | −24.53 (−24.65) a | 0.756 (0.755) a | −26.23 (−08.11) a | 0.012 (0.069) a | −29.86 (−29.76) a |
[Glycyl Dipeptide] = 0.005 mol∙kg−1 | ||||||||
293.15 | 0.877 | −6.13 | 0.135 | −46.46 | 0.848 | 11.53 | 0.156 | −34.13 |
298.15 | 0.919 | −6.35 | 0.135 | −47.17 | 0.821 | 1.40 | 0.122 | −35.02 |
303.15 | 0.906 | −6.56 | 0.134 | −47.86 | 0.878 | −9.47 | 0.086 | −35.42 |
308.15 | 0.881 | −6.77 | 0.133 | −48.54 | 0.844 | −21.00 | 0.048 | −35.80 |
313.15 | 0.925 | −6.98 | 0.132 | −49.13 | 0.891 | −33.75 | 0.010 | −36.79 |
[Glycyl Dipeptide] = 0.005 mol∙kg−1 | ||||||||
293.15 | 0.907 | −7.79 | 0.134 | −47.92 | 0.734 | 14.39 | 0.168 | −34.77 |
298.15 | 0.935 | −8.05 | 0.133 | −48.58 | 0.777 | 4.97 | 0.136 | −35.58 |
303.15 | 0.939 | −8.33 | 0.132 | −49.28 | 0.796 | −5.16 | 0.102 | −36.07 |
308.15 | 0.945 | −8.59 | 0.132 | −49.91 | 0.721 | −15.93 | 0.067 | −36.49 |
313.15 | 0.92 | −8.87 | 0.131 | −50.58 | 0.803 | −27.79 | 0.031 | −37.50 |
[Glycyl Dipeptide] = 0.010 mol∙kg−1 | ||||||||
293.15 | 0.947 | −11.37 | 0.123 | −47.98 | 0.765 | 14.98 | 0.173 | −35.72 |
298.15 | 0.952 | −11.75 | 0.122 | −48.60 | 0.765 | 6.11 | 0.143 | −36.57 |
303.15 | 0.959 | −12.18 | 0.12 | −49.30 | 0.779 | −3.40 | 0.110 | −36.68 |
308.15 | 0.966 | −12.6 | 0.119 | −50.01 | 0.779 | −13.49 | 0.077 | −37.23 |
313.15 | 0.975 | −12.95 | 0.118 | −50.43 | 0.804 | −24.55 | 0.044 | −38.26 |
3.1.5. Enthalpy–Entropy Compensation for Micelle Formation
3.2. Fluorescence Probe Studies of NaC and NaDC
a m/mol∙kg−1 | CMC/mmol∙kg−1 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Fluorescence Probe Study | Conductivity Study | |||
NaC | NaDC | NaC | NaDC | |
water | 14.1 | 5.3 | 14 | 5.4 |
0.001 | 13.5 | 4.1 | 13.3 | 4 |
0.005 | 12.9 | 3.9 | 13.1 | 3.8 |
0.010 | 12.6 | 3.8 | 12.5 | 3.6 |
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Name | Source | Mol.Wt./kg∙mol−1 | Purification Method | Mass Fraction Purity a |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glycylglycine (C4H8N2O3) | Spectrochem Pvt. Ltd. | 0.132 | None | 0.98 |
Sodium cholate (C24H39O5Na) | Himedia Pvt. Ltd. | 0.431 | Recrystallization | 0.98 |
Sodium deoxycholate (C24H39O4Na) | Himedia Pvt. Ltd. | 0.415 | Recrystallization | 0.98 |
Pyrene (C16H10) | Merck | 0.202 | None | 0.96 |
T (K) | CMC, 103 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NaC, mmol∙kg−1 | NaDC, mmol∙kg−1 | |||||||
Water | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.010 | Water | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.010 | |
293.15 | 14.4 (14.4) a | 13.9 | 13.5 | 12.9 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 3.9 |
298.15 | 14.0 (14.1) a (13.8) b (12.9) c (16.0) d | 13.3 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
303.15 | 13.9 (14.0) a | 13.5 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 |
308.15 | 14.1 (14.1) a | 13.8 | 13.6 | 13.2 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.4 |
313.15 | 14.2 (14.3) a | 14.1 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 |
T (K) | XCMC, 104 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NaC, mmol∙kg−1 | NaDC, mmol∙kg−1 | |||||||
Water | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.010 | Water | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.010 | |
293.15 | 2.59 | 2.48 | 2.43 | 2.32 | 10.44 | 8.09 | 7.37 | 7.01 |
298.15 | 2.52 | 2.41 | 2.36 | 2.25 | 9.72 | 7.19 | 6.83 | 6.47 |
303.15 | 2.48 | 2.45 | 2.39 | 2.3 | 9.9 | 8.09 | 7.55 | 7.19 |
308.15 | 2.54 | 2.5 | 2.45 | 2.37 | 10.44 | 8.99 | 8.45 | 7.91 |
313.15 | 2.56 | 2.55 | 2.5 | 2.43 | 10.98 | 9.71 | 9.17 | 8.63 |
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Kumari, S.; Chauhan, S.; Umar, A.; Fouad, H.; Akhtar, M.S. Conductometric and Fluorescence Probe Analysis to Investigate the Interaction between Bioactive Peptide and Bile Salts: A Micellar State Study. Molecules 2022, 27, 7561. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217561
Kumari S, Chauhan S, Umar A, Fouad H, Akhtar MS. Conductometric and Fluorescence Probe Analysis to Investigate the Interaction between Bioactive Peptide and Bile Salts: A Micellar State Study. Molecules. 2022; 27(21):7561. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217561
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumari, Santosh, Suvarcha Chauhan, Ahmad Umar, Hassan Fouad, and Mohammad Shaheer Akhtar. 2022. "Conductometric and Fluorescence Probe Analysis to Investigate the Interaction between Bioactive Peptide and Bile Salts: A Micellar State Study" Molecules 27, no. 21: 7561. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217561