Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Search Strategy and Selection Criteria
3. Insulin and Insulin Derivatives: What Happens to Them?
4. Photoactivatable Drugs
5. Light-Activated Insulin and Its Action in Blood Glucose Regulation
6. Challenges, Future Directions, and Implications of Light-Activated Insulin in the Future
7. Advantages of Light-Activated Insulin
8. Another Possible Mechanism
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Scopes | Light-Activated Insulin | Conventional Injected/Oral Insulin |
---|---|---|
Economic | One injection that is long-lasting (affordable) | Injected frequently (high cost) |
Safety | Fewer adverse effects (low pain tolerance) | Pain and gastrointestinal adverse effects |
Clinical–physical intrusion | Minimally invasive | Invasive |
Target | Covalent modifiers for precise regulation; RNA and epigenetic factors related to diabetes | It only increases insulin levels in the bloodstream |
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Nurkolis, F.; Kurniawan, R.; Wiyarta, E.; Syahputra, R.A.; Surya, R.; Taslim, N.A.; Tallei, T.E.; Tjandrawinata, R.R.; Adashi, E.Y.; Kim, B. Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management. Molecules 2024, 29, 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061294
Nurkolis F, Kurniawan R, Wiyarta E, Syahputra RA, Surya R, Taslim NA, Tallei TE, Tjandrawinata RR, Adashi EY, Kim B. Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management. Molecules. 2024; 29(6):1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061294
Chicago/Turabian StyleNurkolis, Fahrul, Rudy Kurniawan, Elvan Wiyarta, Rony Abdi Syahputra, Reggie Surya, Nurpudji Astuti Taslim, Trina Ekawati Tallei, Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata, Eli Y. Adashi, and Bonglee Kim. 2024. "Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management" Molecules 29, no. 6: 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061294