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Article

Oxyresveratrol in Breast Cancer Cells: Synergistic Effect with Chemotherapeutics Doxorubicin or Melphalan on Proliferation, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Cell Death

by
Carlos Luan Alves Passos
1,
Christian Ferreira
1,
Aline Gabrielle Alves de Carvalho
2,
Jerson Lima Silva
3,
Rafael Garrett
2 and
Eliane Fialho
1,*
1
Nutrition Institute Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
2
Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
3
Medical Biochemistry Institute Leopoldo De Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(7), 873; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16070873
Submission received: 22 May 2024 / Revised: 24 June 2024 / Accepted: 27 June 2024 / Published: 29 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products for Anticancer Application)

Abstract

Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the world. Polyphenols can act at all stages of carcinogenesis and oxyresveratrol (OXY) promising anticancer properties, mainly associated with chemotherapy drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of OXY with doxorubicin (DOX) or melphalan (MEL), either isolated or associated, in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Our results showed that OXY, DOX, and MEL presented cytotoxicity, in addition to altering cell morphology. The synergistic association of OXY + DOX and OXY + MEL reduced the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. The OXY, DOX, or MEL and associations were able to alter the ROS production, ∆Ψm, and cell cycle; DOX and OXY + DOX led the cells to necrosis. Furthermore, OXY and OXY + MEL were able to lead the cells to apoptosis and upregulate caspases-3, -7, -8, and -9 in both cells. LC-HRMS showed that 7-deoxidoxorubicinone and doxorubicinol, responsible for the cardiotoxic effect, were not identified in cells treated with the OXY + DOX association. In summary, our results demonstrate for the first time the synergistic effect of OXY with chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer cells, offering a new strategy for future animal studies.
Keywords: breast cancer; oxyresveratrol; doxorubicin; melphalan breast cancer; oxyresveratrol; doxorubicin; melphalan

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MDPI and ACS Style

Passos, C.L.A.; Ferreira, C.; Carvalho, A.G.A.d.; Silva, J.L.; Garrett, R.; Fialho, E. Oxyresveratrol in Breast Cancer Cells: Synergistic Effect with Chemotherapeutics Doxorubicin or Melphalan on Proliferation, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Cell Death. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 873. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16070873

AMA Style

Passos CLA, Ferreira C, Carvalho AGAd, Silva JL, Garrett R, Fialho E. Oxyresveratrol in Breast Cancer Cells: Synergistic Effect with Chemotherapeutics Doxorubicin or Melphalan on Proliferation, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Cell Death. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(7):873. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16070873

Chicago/Turabian Style

Passos, Carlos Luan Alves, Christian Ferreira, Aline Gabrielle Alves de Carvalho, Jerson Lima Silva, Rafael Garrett, and Eliane Fialho. 2024. "Oxyresveratrol in Breast Cancer Cells: Synergistic Effect with Chemotherapeutics Doxorubicin or Melphalan on Proliferation, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Cell Death" Pharmaceutics 16, no. 7: 873. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16070873

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