Time Series High-Resolution Land Surface Albedo Estimation Based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter Algorithm
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Areas and Data
2.1. Study Areas
2.2. Ground Verification Data
2.3. Landsat Satellite Data
2.4. MCD43A3 BRDF/Albedo Product
3. Methods
3.1. Validation Site Land Surface Heterogeneity
3.2. Albedo Dynamic Model Construction
3.3. High-Resolution Albedo Estimation
3.4. Ensemble Kalman Filter
3.5. Validation
4. Results
4.1. Land Surface Heterogeneity at FluxNet Sites
4.2. Estimating and Verifying Single-Point Time Series Albedo
4.3. Regional Timing Albedo Estimation and Verification
5. Discussion
5.1. Accuracy of the Albedo Background
5.2. Errors Induced by TM Albedo Estimation
5.3. Error Setting in the Data Assimilation Algorithm
5.4. Capability of Capturing Abrupt Variations in Land Surface Albedo
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Site Name | Network | Latitude (°) | Longitude (°) | Land Cover Type | Data Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CA-Oas * | FluxNet | 53.6289N | 106.1978W | DBF | 2009 |
IT-Col * | FluxNet | 41.8494N | 13.5881E | DBF | 2009 |
IT-Ro2 * | FluxNet | 42.3903N | 11.9209E | DBF | 2010 |
US-Bar + | AmeriFlux | 44.0646N | 71.2881W | DBF | 2009 |
FR-Pue * | FluxNet | 43.7414N | 3.5958E | EBF | 2009 |
MY-Pso * | FluxNet | 2.9730N | 102.3062E | EBF | 2009 |
AU-Wac *+ | FluxNet | 37.4259S | 145.1878E | EBF | 2007 |
CH-Dav * | FluxNet | 46.8153N | 9.8559E | ENF | 2009 |
FI-Hyy * | FluxNet | 61.8474N | 24.2948E | ENF | 2009 |
NL-Loo * | FluxNet | 52.1666N | 5.7436E | ENF | 2010 |
IT-Sro + | FluxNet | 43.7279N | 10.2844E | ENF | 2009 |
DE-Kli * | FluxNet | 50.8931N | 13.5224E | CRO | 2009 |
IT-Bci * | FluxNet | 40.5238N | 14.9574E | CRO | 2010 |
FR-Gri * | FluxNet | 48.8442N | 1.9519E | CRO | 2010 |
US-Arm + | AmeriFlux | 36.6058N | 97.4888W | CRO | 2010 |
AU-DaP * | FluxNet | 14.0633S | 131.3181E | GRA | 2008 |
US-Ib2 * | AmeriFlux | 41.8406N | 88.2410W | GRA | 2010 |
AU-Stp *+ | FluxNet | 17.1507S | 133.3502E | GRA | 2009 |
Site | TM Overpass Time | 1 km Range | 1.5 km Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA-Oas | 10-Aug-09 | 71.00 m | 55.00 m | 5.26% |
IT-Col | 25-Jul-09 | 295.00 m | 342.00 m | 7.44% |
IT-Ro2 | 03-Jul-09 | 260.00 m | 129.00 m | 5.38% |
US-Bar | 17-May-10 | 168.00 m | 353.00 m | 16.87% |
FR-Pue | 26-Jul-09 | 624.00 m | 332.00 m | 7.8% |
MY-PSO | 11-Sep-09 | 45.00 m | 644.00 m | 14.38% |
AU-Wac | 16-Apr-07 | 109.00 m | 112.00 m | 3.40% |
CH-Dav | 06-Aug-09 | 1453.00 m | 396.00 m | 9.11% |
FI-Hyy | 31-May-09 | 877.00 m | 155.00 m | 32.46% |
NL-Loo | 06-Sep-10 | 70.00 m | 34.00 m | 5.33% |
IT-SRo | 23-Jul-09 | 304.00 m | 641.00 m | 86.38% |
DE-Kli | 24-Aug-09 | 304.00 m | 193.00 m | 7.25% |
IT-BCi | 09-Oct-10 | 234.00 m | 182.00 m | 8.94% |
FR-Gri | 24-May-10 | 114.00 m | 87.00 m | 7.44% |
US-ARM | 16-Jul-11 | 584.00 m | 393.00 m | 5.53% |
AU-DaP | 23-Aug-09 | 257.00 m | 422.00 m | 6.74% |
US-IB2 | 12-Sep-10 | 216.00 m | 243.00 m | 4.30% |
AU-Stp | 25-Aug-09 | 470.00 m | 341.00 m | 16.77% |
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Zhang, G.; Zhou, H.; Wang, C.; Xue, H.; Wang, J.; Wan, H. Time Series High-Resolution Land Surface Albedo Estimation Based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter Algorithm. Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11070753
Zhang G, Zhou H, Wang C, Xue H, Wang J, Wan H. Time Series High-Resolution Land Surface Albedo Estimation Based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter Algorithm. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11(7):753. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11070753
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Guodong, Hongmin Zhou, Chang**g Wang, Huazhu Xue, **di Wang, and Huawei Wan. 2019. "Time Series High-Resolution Land Surface Albedo Estimation Based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter Algorithm" Remote Sensing 11, no. 7: 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11070753