Relative Sea-Level Rise Scenario for 2100 along the Coast of South Eastern Sicily (Italy) by InSAR Data, Satellite Images and High-Resolution Topography
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. South-Eastern Sicily: Geodynamic and Geological Setting
3. Material and Methods
3.1. GNSS Data
3.2. InSAR Technique and Data
3.3. Sea-Level Data
3.4. Optical Satellite Images
3.5. Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
4. Results and Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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VLM (mm/year) | RCP 2.6 2050 (m) | RCP 2.6 2100 (m) | RCP 8.5 2050 (m) | RCP 8.5 2100 (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Null VLM | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.33 ± 0.06 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.72 ± 0.13 |
GNSS: −0.7 ± 0.35 | 0.16 ± 0.03 | 0.36 ± 0.06 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −2.0 ± 2.5 | 0.20 ±0.04 | 0.47 ± 0.07 | 0.26 ±0.05 | 0.86 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −3.4 ± 2.5 | 0.25 ± 0.04 | 0.59 ± 0.07 | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 0.97 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −5.2 ± 2.5 | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 0.74 ± 0.07 | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 1.12 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −7.6 ± 2.5 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 0.44 ± 0.05 | 1.32 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −8.0 ± 2.5 | 0.40 ± 0.04 | 0.97 ± 0.07 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 1.35 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −8.7 ± 2.5 | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 0.48 ± 0.05 | 1.41 ± 0.13 |
InSAR: −10.0 ± 2.5 | 0.47 ± 0.04 | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 0.52 ± 0.05 | 1.52 ± 0.13 |
Area | RSLR RCP 2.6 (m) | RSLR RCP 8.5 (m) | RCP 2.6 2050 (km2) | RCP 2.6 2100 (km2) | RCP 8.5 2050 (km2) | RCP 8.5 2100 (km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catania plain | 2050: 0.15 ± 0.03 | 2050: 0.20 ± 0.04 | 1.21 | 2.634 | 1.762 | 4.092 |
2100: 0.33 ± 0.06 | 2100: 0.72 ± 0.13 | |||||
Augusta | 2050: 0.31 ± 0.04 | 2050: 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.275 | 0.668 | 0.433 | 1.659 |
2100: 0.74 ± 0.07 | 2100: 1.12 ± 0.13 | |||||
Siracusa | 2050: 0.31 ± 0.04 | 2050: 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.393 | 0.951 | 0.544 | 2.378 |
2100: 0.74 ± 0.07 | 2100: 1.12 ± 0.13 | |||||
Asinaro river mouth | 2050: 0.47 ± 0.04 | 2050: 0.52 ± 0.05 | 0.015 | 0.021 | 0.017 | 0.043 |
2100: 1.13 ± 0.07 | 2100: 1.52 ± 0.13 | |||||
Vendicari | 2050: 0.47 ± 0.04 | 2050: 0.52 ± 0.05 | 0.675 | 1.047 | 0.837 | 1.528 |
2100: 1.13 ± 0.07 | 2100: 1.52 ± 0.13 | |||||
Marzamemi | 2050: 0.15 ± 0.04 | 2050: 0.2 ± 0.05 | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.010 | 0.045 |
2100: 0.33 ± 0.07 | 2100: 0.72 ± 0.13 | |||||
Total extension | 2.58 | 5.33 | 3.60 | 9.75 |
A | B | C | D | E | F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sandy coasts | VLM InSAR, (mm/year) | Coastal slope (degree) | Total shoreline retreat (m/year) | RSLR shoreline retreat (m/year) | Residual shoreline change (D–E) (m/year) |
Catania | −8 ± 2.5 | 2.5 | −4.78 | −0.27 | −4.51 |
6.7 | −0.09 | −4.69 | |||
9.45 | −0.07 | −4.71 | |||
Siracusa | −2 ± 2.5 | 0.7 | −4.01 | −0.46 | −3.55 |
5.38 | −0.06 | −3.95 | |||
8.3 | −0.04 | −3.97 | |||
Vendicari | −4 ± 2.5 | 2.5 | −0.68 | −0.17 | −0.51 |
3.3 | −0.13 | −0.55 | |||
10 | −0.08 | −0.6 |
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Anzidei, M.; Scicchitano, G.; Scardino, G.; Bignami, C.; Tolomei, C.; Vecchio, A.; Serpelloni, E.; De Santis, V.; Monaco, C.; Milella, M.; et al. Relative Sea-Level Rise Scenario for 2100 along the Coast of South Eastern Sicily (Italy) by InSAR Data, Satellite Images and High-Resolution Topography. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 1108. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061108
Anzidei M, Scicchitano G, Scardino G, Bignami C, Tolomei C, Vecchio A, Serpelloni E, De Santis V, Monaco C, Milella M, et al. Relative Sea-Level Rise Scenario for 2100 along the Coast of South Eastern Sicily (Italy) by InSAR Data, Satellite Images and High-Resolution Topography. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(6):1108. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061108
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnzidei, Marco, Giovanni Scicchitano, Giovanni Scardino, Christian Bignami, Cristiano Tolomei, Antonio Vecchio, Enrico Serpelloni, Vincenzo De Santis, Carmelo Monaco, Maurilio Milella, and et al. 2021. "Relative Sea-Level Rise Scenario for 2100 along the Coast of South Eastern Sicily (Italy) by InSAR Data, Satellite Images and High-Resolution Topography" Remote Sensing 13, no. 6: 1108. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061108