A Meta-Analysis of Computerized Tomography-Based Radiomics for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Protocol and Literature Search
- Articles written in English;
- Full text available.
- Studies using only deep learning features;
- Conference papers or studies with only the abstract available.
2.2. Workflow of the Radiomics Study
2.3. Data Extraction
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Bias Assessment
2.6. Quality Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Literature Collection
3.2. Quality Assessment and Workflow of the Radiomics Study
3.3. Statistical Analysis
3.4. Bias Assessment
3.5. Review of Prediction Feature
3.6. Review of Prediction Models
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author Nation, Year | Study Type | ROI | Dataset | Training set | Internal Validation | External Validation | Highest AUC (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zheng [33] China, 2020 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/IP | 78 | 10-fold cross-validation | No | 0.87 (0.77– 0.93) |
** [34] China, 2020 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/IP | 2688 | 2688 | 2539 + 1110 | 0.9585 (0.9413– 0.9813) * |
Fang [35] China, 2020 | Retrospective cross-sectional | Pneumonia | COVID-19/VP | 239 | 90 | No | 0.955 (0.899– 0.995) |
Huang [36] China, 2020 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/VP | 126 | 55 | No | 0.956 |
Chen [37] China, 2020 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/VP | 114 | 23 | No | 0.968 (0.911–1.000) |
Liu [38] China, 2021 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/VP | 379 | 131 | 40 | 0.93 |
Wang [39] China, 2020 | Retrospective observational | Pneumonia | COVID-19/VP | 9573 # | 1209 + 1219 # | 3799 # | 0.87 |
Study Criteria | Zheng [33] 2020 | ** [34] 2020 | Fang [35] 2020 | Huang [36] 2020 | Chen [37] 2020 | Liu [38] 2021 | Wang [39] 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Image protocol quality | +1 | +0 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 |
Multiple segmentations | +1 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +1 | +1 | +1 |
Phantom study on all scanners | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 |
Imaging at multiple time points | +0 | +1 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 |
Feature reduction or adjustment for multiple testing | +3 | +3 | +3 | +3 | +3 | +3 | +3 |
Multivariable analysis with non-radiomics features | +0 | +0 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +1 | +0 |
Detect and discuss biological correlates | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 |
Cutoff analyses | +1 | +1 | +0 | +1 | +1 | +0 | +0 |
Discrimination statistics | +2 | +1 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +1 |
Calibration statistics | +1 | +0 | +2 | +1 | +0 | +1 | +0 |
Prospective study registered in a trial database | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 |
Validation | +2 | +4 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 |
Comparison to “gold standard” | +0 | +2 | +2 | +0 | +0 | +2 | +0 |
Potential clinical utility | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 | +2 |
Cost-effectiveness analysis | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 |
Open science and data | +0 | +1 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +1 |
Total score (Maximum:36) | +13 | +16 | +15 | +13 | +14 | +15 | +13 |
Author Nation, Year | Radiomics Feature | Non-Radiomics Feature |
---|---|---|
Zheng [33] China, 2020 | Shape-based, first-order, GLRM, GLDZM, NGLDM | Nil |
** [34] China, 2020 | First-order, GLCM, GLSZM, GLRM, NGTDM, GLDM * | Nil |
Fang [35] China, 2020 | First-order, GLCM | Lesion distribution, pleural effusion, maximum lesion range, mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement, |
Huang [36] China, 2020 | Shape-based, first-order, GLCM, GLDM *, GLSZM, GLRM | Halo sign, ground glass opacity (GGO), intralobular interstitial thickening (IIT) |
Chen [37] China, 2020 | Shape-based, first-order, GLSZM | Number of lesions with pleural thickening, white blood cell count, platelet count, number of lesions with crazy paving appearance |
Liu [38] China 2021 | first order, GLCM, GLDM*, GLRM | age, lesion distribution, neutrophil ratio, CT score, lymphocyte count |
Author Nation, Year | Prediction Model |
---|---|
Zheng [33] China, 2020 | LASSO regression |
** [34] China, 2020 | LASSO regression |
Fang [35] China, 2020 | LASSO regression |
Huang [36] China, 2020 | logistic regression |
Chen [37] China, 2020 | SVM models with a radial basis function kernel |
Liu [38] China,2021 | mRMR, LASSO regression |
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Kao, Y.-S.; Lin, K.-T. A Meta-Analysis of Computerized Tomography-Based Radiomics for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 991. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060991
Kao Y-S, Lin K-T. A Meta-Analysis of Computerized Tomography-Based Radiomics for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(6):991. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060991
Chicago/Turabian StyleKao, Yung-Shuo, and Kun-Te Lin. 2021. "A Meta-Analysis of Computerized Tomography-Based Radiomics for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia" Diagnostics 11, no. 6: 991. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060991