Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [18F]FDG PET/CT
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Advanced Refractory DTC and MKIs Employment Rationale
2.1. Multi-Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced RAI-R DTCs
2.2. MKIs Related-Adverse Events
3. [18F]FDG PET/CT in Early MKIs Prediction of Response
4. Future Challenges
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
PI3K | phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase |
MAPK | mitogen activated protein kinase |
RAS | rat sarcoma |
PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog |
AKT | protein kinase B |
RAF | rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma |
FGFR | fibroblast growth factor receptors |
FLT3 | Fms Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 3 |
EGFR | Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor |
TKR | tyrosine kinase receptor |
VEGFR | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor |
PDGFR | platelet derived growth factor receptor |
RET | rearranged during transfection |
TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
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Author-PMID | Journal- Year | MKIs | PET Timing | PET Parameters | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Wang et al. 29618578 | Endocrine-Rel Canc. 2018 | apatinib | baseline; 4 weeks; 8 weeks | EORTC; ΔMTV; ΔTLG | A strong correlation between the best change in ΔCT% and [18F]FDG PET/CT parameters after the first treatment cycle (ΔMTV%, ΔTLG%, and ΔSUVmax%). A significant difference in PFS was observed between patients with ΔMTV% < −45% and ≥−45% and between patients with ΔTLG% < −80% and ≥−80%. |
Lin et al. 28178685 | Oncotarget 2017 | apatinib | baseline; 4 weeks 8 weeks | SUVmax | A significant decrease in SUVmax after 8 weeks of treatment was found. Linear correlations of change in diameter after 8 w of therapy with changes in SUVmax after 4/8 w of therapy were observed in the target lesions. |
Carr et al. 20847059 | Clin Cancer Res. 2010 | sunitinib | baseline; 7 days | SUVmax | A statistically significant association of TTP with increases in average % SUV was found. The risk of tumor progression increased by 4% for each 1% increase in average SUV from baseline. |
Marotta et al. 23009688 | Clin Endocrinol 2013 | sorafenib | baseline; 15 days | SUVmax | Baseline average SUVmax was significantly higher in patients who showed DP, but no significant correlation with PFS was found. Early [18F]FDG-PET scans showed a reduction in average SUVmax in all responders. |
Manohar et al. 30015659 | Clin Nucl Med. 2018 | N.D. | baseline | log-MTV; log-TLG | The log-MTV values for patients on MKIs therapy tended to be higher than with other therapies. MKIs therapy was associated with significantly higher OS rates. |
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Ferrari, C.; Santo, G.; Ruta, R.; Lavelli, V.; Rubini, D.; Mammucci, P.; Sardaro, A.; Rubini, G. Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [18F]FDG PET/CT. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081417
Ferrari C, Santo G, Ruta R, Lavelli V, Rubini D, Mammucci P, Sardaro A, Rubini G. Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [18F]FDG PET/CT. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(8):1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081417
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerrari, Cristina, Giulia Santo, Rossella Ruta, Valentina Lavelli, Dino Rubini, Paolo Mammucci, Angela Sardaro, and Giuseppe Rubini. 2021. "Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [18F]FDG PET/CT" Diagnostics 11, no. 8: 1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081417