Recent Advances in Imaging Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Presentation of PCV on SS-OCTA
2.1. Presentation of Polypoidal Lesions on SS-OCTA
2.2. Presentation of Branching Vascular Networks on SS-OCTA
2.3. Choroidal Changes of PCV on SS-OCTA
3. Clinical Management of PCV with SS-OCTA
3.1. Diagnosis of PCV with SS-OCTA
3.2. Follow up of PCV with SS-OCTA
4. Current Problems and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author | Year | Included Eyes | PL Morphology and Locality | BVN Morphology and Locality | PL Detection Rate | BVN Detection Rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kishida et al. [69] | 2014 | 17 (-) | Similar to the early phase of ICGA images. (Between the Bruch’s membrane and RPE) | - (-) | 100% | - |
Cheung et al. [27] | 2017 | 54 (68.5% treated) | Variable in size and may appear as bright round lesions or round lesions with a bright outline but dark lumen. (-) | Variable in size but correlated closely with the location and shape of BVN on ICGA. (-) | 77.80% | 87% |
Rebhun et al. [10] | 2017 | 7 (100% treated) | Non-uniform blood flow inside a single polyp, with some, appearing slower at the center of the polyp and faster close to the lesion walls. (-) | Blood flow is slower than that of retinal vessels. BVN with larger trunks had faster blood flow inside. (-) | 85.70% | 85.70% |
Bo et al. [30] | 2019 | 23 (65.2% treated) | Tangled vessels. (Associated with type I or type II NV) | - (Associated with type I or type II NV) | 100% (With manual segmentation) | 100% (With manual segmentation) |
Fujita et al. [31] | 2020 | 54 (All untreated) | Mostly tangled structures, including coil-like structures. (All inside PED and mostly Located at the margin of the BVNs) | Tangled vascular networks. (-) | B-scan: 94.7% | En face: 72.2% B-scan: 87.0% |
Kim et al. [32] | 2020 | 31 (All untreated) | Mostly tangled vessels with a variety of configurations. (-) | No significant difference in lesion area measurements between ICGA and SS-OCTA. (-) | 100% (With manual segmentation) | 100% (With manual segmentation) |
Singh et al. [28] | 2020 | 46 (All untreated) | Hyper-reflective or hypo-reflective with a hyper-reflective border. (-) | OCTA could better delineate the margins of small BVNs. (-) | 69.57% (With manual segmentation) | 100% (With manual segmentation) |
Azar et al. [29] | 2021 | 14 (-) | Some polyps present with a halo or a hyper-reflective round structure surrounded by a hypo-intense halo. (Above Bruch’s membrane) | Loose or dense pattern. (Between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane) | - | 100% |
Shen et al. [33] | 2021 | 5 (-) | Tangled vascular structure. (Beneath the PED) | - (-) | - | - |
Wang et al. [43] | 2021 | 30 (-) | Cluster-like structure at the edge of a BVN. (-) | - (-) | 96.7% (With manual segmentation) | - |
Arias et al. [41] | 2021 | 22 (72.7% treated) | Active disease: poorly defined shape surrounded by a hypo-reflective halo. Inactive cases: well-defined circular shape. (-) | - (-) | B-scan: 100% | - |
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Gu, X.; Zhao, X.; Zhao, Q.; Wang, Y.; Chen, Y. Recent Advances in Imaging Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2458. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13142458
Gu X, Zhao X, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Chen Y. Recent Advances in Imaging Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(14):2458. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13142458
Chicago/Turabian StyleGu, **ngwang, **nyu Zhao, Qing Zhao, Yuelin Wang, and Youxin Chen. 2023. "Recent Advances in Imaging Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography" Diagnostics 13, no. 14: 2458. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13142458