A Novel Paradigm for Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening: Trophoblast Retrieval and Isolation from the Cervix (TRIC)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Cell-Free Fetal DNA (cffDNA) Analysis Methods
2.1. Cell-Free DNA Fragments
2.2. Massively Parallel Shotgun Sequencing (MPSS)
2.3. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
3. Limitations of NIPT
3.1. Fetal Fraction (FF)
3.2. Chromosomal Mosaicism
3.3. Maternal Malignancies
3.4. Vanishing Twins (VT)
4. Novel Approach for Non-Invasively Retrieving Fetal Cell
5. Trophoblasts Migrating to the Cervix
6. Technical Development of EVT Cell Isolation and Identification
7. TRIC Methods
7.1. Sampling
7.2. Fixation
7.3. Isolation
7.4. Analysis
8. Refining Updates for TRIC Techniques
9. Future Expectations
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NIPT | TRIC | |
---|---|---|
Invasiveness | Non-invasive | Non-invasive |
Approach method | Maternal serum | Maternal cervix brushing |
Targeted fetal genetic source | Cell-free DNA | Extravillous trophoblast |
Obtained fetal DNA | Fragmented | Whole |
Gestational age | ≥9 weeks | ≥5 weeks |
Maternal BMI, gestational age | Affected | Not affected |
Purpose | Screening only | Can be diagnostic |
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Hong, K.; Park, H.J.; Jang, H.Y.; Shim, S.H.; Jang, Y.; Kim, S.H.; Cha, D.H. A Novel Paradigm for Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening: Trophoblast Retrieval and Isolation from the Cervix (TRIC). Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2532. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152532
Hong K, Park HJ, Jang HY, Shim SH, Jang Y, Kim SH, Cha DH. A Novel Paradigm for Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening: Trophoblast Retrieval and Isolation from the Cervix (TRIC). Diagnostics. 2023; 13(15):2532. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152532
Chicago/Turabian StyleHong, Kirim, Hee ** Park, Hee Yeon Jang, Sung Han Shim, Yoon Jang, Soo Hyun Kim, and Dong Hyun Cha. 2023. "A Novel Paradigm for Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening: Trophoblast Retrieval and Isolation from the Cervix (TRIC)" Diagnostics 13, no. 15: 2532. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152532