Gold Nanoparticles for Diagnostics: Advances towards Points of Care
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)—Properties and Sensing Applications
1.1.1. Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)
1.1.2. Fluorescence Modulation
1.1.3. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)
1.1.4. Electrochemistry
2. General Principles of AuNP-Based Biomolecular Recognition
2.1. Nucleic Acids Sensing
2.2. Protein Sensing
3. General Overview of Applications
3.1. Lateral Flow Assays (LFAs)
3.2. Microfluidics
3.3. Screen Printed Electrodes
3.4. Smartphone Assisted Readout
4. AuNPs Based Systems Established at POC
Achievements and Challenges to Overcome
5. Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Company | Product Name 1 | Principle of Detection | Sensitivity and Specificity 2 | Results Time |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alere, Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA) | Clearview® HIV 1/2 STAT-PAK | Gold-labeled lateral-flow immunoassay | 99.7%/99.9% | 10–15 min |
Clearview® COMPLETE HIV 1/2 | 99.7%/99.9% | 15 min | ||
OraSure Technologies, Inc. (Bethlehem, PA, USA) | OraQuick ADVANCE® HIV-1/2 | 98.7%/99.9% | 20–40 min | |
MedMira, Inc. (Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada) | Reveal® G3 HIV-1 | 99.8%/99.1% | <3 min | |
Trinity Biotech Plc (Bray, Republic of Ireland) | Uni-Gold Recombigen™ HIV-1 | 100%/99.8% | 10 min |
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Cordeiro, M.; Ferreira Carlos, F.; Pedrosa, P.; Lopez, A.; Baptista, P.V. Gold Nanoparticles for Diagnostics: Advances towards Points of Care. Diagnostics 2016, 6, 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6040043
Cordeiro M, Ferreira Carlos F, Pedrosa P, Lopez A, Baptista PV. Gold Nanoparticles for Diagnostics: Advances towards Points of Care. Diagnostics. 2016; 6(4):43. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6040043
Chicago/Turabian StyleCordeiro, Mílton, Fábio Ferreira Carlos, Pedro Pedrosa, António Lopez, and Pedro Viana Baptista. 2016. "Gold Nanoparticles for Diagnostics: Advances towards Points of Care" Diagnostics 6, no. 4: 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6040043