Piezoelectric Motors, an Overview
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Early Structures of Piezoelectric Motors
3. Resonance-Drive (Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Motors)
- Number of vibrating elements that generate needed microscopic motion,
- Number of mechanical modes that are excited at the operating frequency of the vibrating element,
- Number of driving signals applied to a vibrating element,
- Full or partial drive of a piezoelectric element in a vibrator, and
- Unidirectional or bidirectional motion, if bidirectional; the method of changing direction such as frequency, phase, or excited part.
3.1. Single-Mode Excitation Type
3.1.1. Piezoelectric Element Is Fully Driven
3.1.2. Piezoelectric Element Is Partially Driven
3.2. Multi-Mode Excitation-Type Motors
- One Driving Source
- -Piezoelectric element is fully driven
- -Frequency change controls the direction
- -Piezoelectric element is partially driven
- -Driven part controls the direction
- Multiple Driving Sources
- -Piezoelectric element is fully driven
- -Phase change between the driving sources controls the direction
3.2.1. One Driving Source (Frequency Change Controls the Direction)
5. Piezo-Walk-Drive-Type Piezoelectric Motors
6. Discussions
7. Conclusions
Conflicts of Interest
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Single-Mode Excitation Type | Multi-Mode Excitation Type | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Oblique motion | Elliptical motion: By exciting two orthogonal mechanical resonance modes at the same time. | |||
One Driving Source | One Driving Source | Multiple Driving Sources | ||
Piezo-element is fully driven | Piezo-element is partially driven | Piezo-element is fully driven | Piezo-element is partially driven | Piezo-element is fully driven |
Unidirectional | Bidirectional: Driven part controls the direction | Bidirectional: Frequency change controls the direction | Bidirectional: Driven part controls the direction | Bidirectional: Phase change between the driving sources controls the direction (traveling wave-motor) |
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Spanner, K.; Koc, B. Piezoelectric Motors, an Overview. Actuators 2016, 5, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/act5010006
Spanner K, Koc B. Piezoelectric Motors, an Overview. Actuators. 2016; 5(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/act5010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleSpanner, Karl, and Burhanettin Koc. 2016. "Piezoelectric Motors, an Overview" Actuators 5, no. 1: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/act5010006