Investigations of the Mass Transfer and Flow Field Disturbance Regulation of the Gas–Liquid–Solid Flow of Hydropower Stations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mathematical Models and Solving Methods
2.1. Flow Field Dynamic Model
2.2. Discrete Element Method
3. Implementation of the Calculation Model
3.1. Calculation Model
3.2. Boundary Conditions
3.3. Grid Independence Study
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Transport Dynamic Characteristics of Mixing Flows
4.2. Effect of the Initial Swirling Intensity on the Critical Pum** State
4.3. Particle Flow Patterns
5. Conclusions
- Based on the CFD-DEM coupling method and particle porous model, a three-phase mixing flow mass transfer model is put forward to obtain the distribution of relevant physical variables (volume fraction, velocity, and streamline). The critical formation time denotes the crucial transition state of fluid mediums. The fluid composition transition affects quality and production efficiency in the metallurgy, chemical industry, and other industrial processes.
- Initial disturbance speeds are the critical factor of mixing pum** formation. Under the influence of initial disturbance, the fluid microcluster on the surfaces has different disturbance patterns, inducing different speed gradients. As the mixing flow reaches the inspiratory state, the disturbance factors are in equilibrium with the inertia forces and viscous resistance. The macroscopic motions of mixing flows enhance higher transfer efficiencies of mass, momentum, and energy and make vortices penetrate the drain pipe.
- The particles in the mixing flow center have high randomness and nonlinearity under the intense suction action of the water nozzle. The aggregation and dissipation of turbulence energies lead to the weakening of particle pum** effects. The suction of the water inlet can influence the flow pattern evolution of particles in the mixing course, and the particle’s total energy is dissipated during the swirl transport process.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Parameter |
---|---|
Inlet | Pressure inlet |
Outlet | Pressure outlet |
Wall | No-slip wall |
Gravity/(N) | 9.81 |
Pipeline length/(m) | 0.15 |
Pipeline diameter/(m) | 0.010 |
Gas phase elevation/(m) | 0.15 |
Water phase elevation/(m) | 0.40 |
Container elevation/(m) | 0.55 |
Container diameter/(m) | 0.5 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Water density (kg/m3) | 980 |
Gas density (kg/m3) | 1.225 |
Particle diameter (mm) | 20 |
Particle density (kg/m3) | 950 |
Restitution coefficient, e | 0.9 |
Time step of CFD, (s) | 1.01 × 10−5 |
Time step of DEM, (s) | 2.36 × 10−7 |
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Yan, Q.; Fan, X.; Li, L.; Zheng, G. Investigations of the Mass Transfer and Flow Field Disturbance Regulation of the Gas–Liquid–Solid Flow of Hydropower Stations. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010084
Yan Q, Fan X, Li L, Zheng G. Investigations of the Mass Transfer and Flow Field Disturbance Regulation of the Gas–Liquid–Solid Flow of Hydropower Stations. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(1):84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010084
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan, Qing, **nghua Fan, Lin Li, and Gaoan Zheng. 2024. "Investigations of the Mass Transfer and Flow Field Disturbance Regulation of the Gas–Liquid–Solid Flow of Hydropower Stations" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 1: 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010084