Effect of Exogenous Organic Matter on Phosphorus Forms in Middle-High Fertility Cinnamon Soil
Abstract
:1. Results and Analysis
1.1. Effects of EOM on Soil Phosphatase Activity
1.1.1. Effects of EOM on Soil Neutral Phosphatase Activity
1.1.2. Effects of EOM on Soil Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
1.1.3. Effects of EOM on Soil Acid Phosphatase Activity
1.2. Effects of EOM on Soil Available P Content
1.3. Effects of EOM on the Content of Inorganic P in Soil
1.3.1. Effects of EOM on Soil Ca2-P Content
1.3.2. Effect of EOM on Ca8-P Content
1.3.3. Effect of EOM on Soil Al-P Content
1.3.4. Effect of EOM on Soil Fe-P Content
1.3.5. Effect of Different EOMs on Soil O-P Content
1.3.6. Effect of EOM on Soil Ca10-P Content
1.4. Correlation Analysis of Different Phosphorus Forms with Phosphatase Activity
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. General Description of the Experiment Site
2.2. Test Materials
2.3. Sample Collection and Determination
2.4. Data Processing
3. Discussion
3.1. Effect of EOM on Phosphorus Speciation
3.2. Effect of EOM on Soil Phosphatase Activity
3.3. Effect of EOM on the Blockage of Phosphorus Leaching
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- EOM promoted the conversion of phosphorus to moderately soluble phosphorus (Ca8-P, Al-P, Fe-P), and slowed down the conversion of phosphorus to closed-accumulation phosphorus O-P and mineralized phosphorus Ca10-P to a certain extent. 4000 kg·hm−2 of cow manure-vermicompost treatment was the best for the promotion of the conversion of phosphorus to Ca2-P in the surface layer of the soil.
- (2)
- EOM played a positive role in increasing the activity of soil neutral and acid phosphatase, promoting the conversion of organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus, and increasing the content of effective phosphorus, and 59.97 kg·hm−2 fulvic acid treatment was generally more effective.
- (3)
- Fulvic acid, biochar, microbial fertilizer, cow manure-vermicompost and pig manure-vermicompost were all effective in activating and retaining effective phosphorus in the soil. 900 kg·hm−2 biochar treatment was the most effective in preventing downward phosphorus loss from the surface layer.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Available Phosphorus | Ca2-P | Ca8-P | Al-P | Fe-P | O-P | Ca10-P | Neutral Phosphatase | Alkaline Phosphatase | Acid Phosphatase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Available phosphorus | 1 | |||||||||
Ca2-P | 0.697 ** | 1 | ||||||||
Ca8-P | 0.676 ** | 0.714 ** | 1 | |||||||
Al-P | 0.667 ** | 0.627 ** | 0.288 | 1 | ||||||
Fe-P | 0.678 ** | 0.512 ** | 0.579 ** | 0.664 ** | 1 | |||||
O-P | 0.209 | 0.458 ** | 0.415 ** | −0.243 | −0.110 | 1 | ||||
Ca10-P | −0.257 | 0.018 | −0.124 | −0.409 ** | −0.434 ** | 0.674 ** | 1 | |||
Neutral phosphatase | 0.717 ** | 0.820 ** | 0.845 ** | 0.346 * | 0.474 ** | 0.584 ** | 0.016 | 1 | ||
Alkaline phosphatase | −0.070 | −0.067 | −0.221 | 0.103 | −0.071 | 0.071 | 0.140 | −0.213 | 1 | |
Acid phosphatase | 0.685 ** | 0.826 ** | 0.858 ** | 0.470 ** | 0.520 ** | 0.362 * | −0.157 | 0.922 ** | −0.274 | 1 |
Soil Depth (cm) | Organic Matter (g·kg−1) | Total Nitrogen (g·kg−1) | Alkaline Hydrolyzable Nitrogen (mg·kg−1) | Available Phosphorus (mg·kg−1) | Available Potassium (mg·kg−1) | pH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–20 | 18.57 | 0.49 | 83.84 | 40.18 | 154.5 | 7.10 |
20–40 | 10.27 | 0.30 | 55.57 | 18.89 | 121.3 |
Treatment Code | Treatment |
---|---|
CK | conventional fertilization (other treatments were added based on CK) |
T1 | fulvic acid (59.97 kg·hm−2) |
T2 | biochar (900 kg·hm−2) |
T3 | compound microbial fertilizer (748 kg·hm−2) |
T4 | high-energy microbial inoculum (748 kg·hm−2) |
T5 | pig manure-vermicompost (4000 kg·hm−2) |
T6 | cow manure-vermicompost (4000 kg·hm−2) |
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Shi, X.; Gu, D.; Yang, H.; Li, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Zhan, N.; Cui, X. Effect of Exogenous Organic Matter on Phosphorus Forms in Middle-High Fertility Cinnamon Soil. Plants 2024, 13, 1313. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101313
Shi X, Gu D, Yang H, Li Y, Jiang Y, Zhan N, Cui X. Effect of Exogenous Organic Matter on Phosphorus Forms in Middle-High Fertility Cinnamon Soil. Plants. 2024; 13(10):1313. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101313
Chicago/Turabian StyleShi, **aodi, Duanyin Gu, Haotian Yang, Yun Li, Yaqun Jiang, Nanbiao Zhan, and **umin Cui. 2024. "Effect of Exogenous Organic Matter on Phosphorus Forms in Middle-High Fertility Cinnamon Soil" Plants 13, no. 10: 1313. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101313