Synthesis of Quaternary-Ammonium-Lignin-Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Ester
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Reagents
2.2. Synthesis of QP–IL
2.2.1. Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Lignin (QAL)
2.2.2. Synthesis of Quaternary–Ammonium–Lignin–Based IL (QP–IL)
2.3. General Procedure for Co and Ni Extraction
2.4. Characterization
3. Results
3.1. FTIR Spectra of QP–IL
3.2. NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of QP–IL
3.3. Effect of Different Factors on Extraction for Co and Ni
3.3.1. Influence of Time on the Extraction
3.3.2. Effect of Temperature on Extraction
3.3.3. Effect of Equilibrium pH on Extraction Behavior
3.3.4. Effect of Saponification on Extraction of Co and Ni
3.3.5. Effect of Concentration on Extraction of Co and Ni
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Optima Condition |
---|---|
Plasma gas flow rate (Ar)/(L/min) | 15 |
Auxiliary gas flow (Ar)/(L/min) | 0.15 |
Atomizer gas flow (Ar)/(L/min) | 0.50 |
Pump injection volume/(mL/min) | 1.5 |
Ni and Co analysis line/(nm) | 216.5, 213.6 |
Wave Numbers | Characteristic Groups | |
---|---|---|
a | 3430 cm−1 | -OH (benzene ring) |
b c | 2926 cm−1 2856 cm−1 | C-H of long-chain alkyl group |
d | 721 cm−1 | C-N bond |
e | 972 cm−1 | P-OH |
f | 1196 cm−1 | P=O |
g | 1462 cm−1 | phenolic ring |
1000~910 cm−1 | quaternary ammonium salt |
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Li, G.; Xu, W. Synthesis of Quaternary-Ammonium-Lignin-Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Ester. Separations 2024, 11, 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040116
Li G, Xu W. Synthesis of Quaternary-Ammonium-Lignin-Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Ester. Separations. 2024; 11(4):116. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040116
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Guijiang, and Wenze Xu. 2024. "Synthesis of Quaternary-Ammonium-Lignin-Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Ester" Separations 11, no. 4: 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040116