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Article

Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Maria Esther Irigoyen-Camacho
1,*,
Maria Consuelo Velazquez-Alva
1,*,
Marco Antonio Zepeda-Zepeda
1,
Irina Lazarevich
1,
Antonio Castano-Seiquer
2 and
Javier Flores-Fraile
3
1
Health Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
2
School of Dentistry, University of Seville, C. Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
3
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s.n., 37008 Salamanca, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Geriatrics 2024, 9(4), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9040089
Submission received: 22 May 2024 / Revised: 23 June 2024 / Accepted: 25 June 2024 / Published: 26 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity and Exercise in Older Adults)

Abstract

Physical activity is essential for healthy aging. This study aimed to identify an association between physical performance, body fat percentage (%BF), and the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in independent older adults. Method: A group of active older adults was selected from a government-sponsored reunion center in Mexico City. OHRQoL was assessed using the General Oral Health Index (GOHAI), and nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool. A short physical performance battery (SPPB) was applied, and, for body composition, DXA (dual X-ray absorptiometry) was conducted. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models, and marginal probabilities were obtained. Results: This study involved 366 participants; their mean age was 73.9 (±6.2) years, and 24.9% had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OHRQoL information revealed that pain or discomfort in the oral cavity was perceived by 63.9% of the older adults during the previous three months. The SPPB score was low in 159 (43.44%) participants. The logistic regression model revealed that age (OR = 1.13, p < 0.001), T2DM (OR = 2.10, p = 0.009), the risk of malnutrition/malnutrition (OR = 1.76, p = 0.047), high %BF (OR = 1.09, <0.001), and poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.96, p = 0.009) were associated with deteriorated physical performance. Conclusion: OHRQoL self-perception, excess body fat, and nutritional status impacted physical performance. Aging well requires a comprehensive approach.
Keywords: older adults; physical performance; percent body fat; nutritional status; oral health-related quality of life; type 2 diabetes mellitus older adults; physical performance; percent body fat; nutritional status; oral health-related quality of life; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Irigoyen-Camacho, M.E.; Velazquez-Alva, M.C.; Zepeda-Zepeda, M.A.; Lazarevich, I.; Castano-Seiquer, A.; Flores-Fraile, J. Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Geriatrics 2024, 9, 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9040089

AMA Style

Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Velazquez-Alva MC, Zepeda-Zepeda MA, Lazarevich I, Castano-Seiquer A, Flores-Fraile J. Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Geriatrics. 2024; 9(4):89. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9040089

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irigoyen-Camacho, Maria Esther, Maria Consuelo Velazquez-Alva, Marco Antonio Zepeda-Zepeda, Irina Lazarevich, Antonio Castano-Seiquer, and Javier Flores-Fraile. 2024. "Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study" Geriatrics 9, no. 4: 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9040089

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