Polysaccharide-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives for Wound Healing: A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Design Criteria and Functionalities of Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives for Wound Healing
2.1. Design Criteria
2.1.1. Hemostasis
2.1.2. Wound Closure
2.1.3. Adhesion
2.1.4. Biocompatibility
2.1.5. Biodegradability
2.2. Advanced Functions
2.2.1. Self-Healing
2.2.2. Antibacterial
2.2.3. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant
2.2.4. Loading and Controlled Delivery
2.2.5. Stimulus-Response Property
2.2.6. Electrical Conductivity
2.2.7. Wound Monitoring
3. Multifunctional Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives Based on Polysaccharides
3.1. Chitosan (CS)
- (1)
- CMCS
- (2)
- Quaternized chitosan (QCS)
- (3)
- Thiolated CS
- (4)
- Catechol-modified CS
- (5)
- Hydrophobically modified CS
3.2. Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
3.3. Alginate
3.4. Cellulose
3.5. Dextran
3.6. Konjac Glucomannan (KGM)
3.7. Chondroitin Sulfate
3.8. Other Polysaccharides
4. Conclusions and Future Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CS | Chitosan |
HA | Hyaluronic acid |
KGM | Konjac glucomannan |
ECM | Extracellular matrix |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
DA | Dopamine |
DPPH | α, α-Diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazine |
ABTS | 2,2-Diazo-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt |
GFs | Growth factors |
ADSCs | Adipose-derived stem cells |
BMSCs | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
HMECs | Human microvascular endothelial cells |
EGF | Epidermal growth factor |
FGF | Fibroblast growth Factor |
VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
KGF | Keratinocyte growth Factor |
PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
PI3 kinase/Pten | Phosphoinositide 3-kinases/phosphatase and tensin homologue |
CMCS | Carboxymethyl chitosan |
QCS | Quaternized chitosan |
PAM | Polyacrylamide |
CQDs | Carbon quantum dots |
CS-TBA | Chitosan-4-thiobutylamidine |
β-GP | β-Glycerophosphate disodium |
G’ | Storage modulus |
G” | Loss modulus |
rGO@PDA | Polydopamine-coated reduced graphene oxide |
HAMA-PBA | Phenylboronic acid-modified hyaluronic acid methacrylate |
sHA | Sulfated hyaluronic acid |
OHA | Oxidized hyaluronic acid |
NSC | N-succinyl chitosan |
4-arm-PEG-NH2 | Four-arm amine-terminated poly-(ethylene glycol) |
OSA | Oxidized sodium alginate |
HUVECs | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
TA | Tannic acid |
SA-SH | Thiolated alginate |
PEG-DA | Polyethylene glycol diacrylate |
sEVs | Small extracellular vesicles |
ECs | Endothelial cells |
CMC | Carboxymethyl cellulose |
MWCNTs | Multi-walled CNTs |
HPC | Hydroxypropyl cellulose |
DOPA | 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine |
ODEX | Oxidized dextran |
MCC | Microcrystalline cellulose |
COP | Collagen peptide |
OKGM | Oxidized konjac glucomannan |
NF-κβ | Nuclear factor-κβ |
IL-1β | Interleukin-1β |
PDA | Polydopamine |
IL-10 | Interleukin-10 |
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Polysaccharides | Role in Wound Healing | Derivatives |
---|---|---|
CS | Enhances platelet function; and promotes the adhesion and aggregation of platelets, red blood cells, and proteins. Mucoadhesive, antibacterial, regulates inflammatory mediator secretion, enhances the function of inflammatory cells; and promotes fibroblast proliferation, neovascularization, collagen deposition, and granulation tissue formation. | Carboxymethyl CS [86], quaternized CS [87], thiolated CS [88], methacrylated CS [89], catechol-modified CS [89,90], hydrophobically modified CS [91] |
HA | Tissue adhesion, blood concentration, keeps the wound moist, promotes cell migration and proliferation, reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells, regulates growth factor activity, stimulates neovascularization, controls collagen deposition, and improves granulation tissue formation and re-epithelialization. | Oxidized HA [92,93], methacrylated HA [57], sulfated HA [94] |
Alginate | Tissue adhesion, blood concentration, keeps the wound moist, and promotes fibroblast proliferation and granulation tissue formation. | Oxidized alginate [95,96], methacrylated alginate [97], thiolated alginate [98] |
Cellulose | Blood concentration, activates coagulation factors, and promotes platelet aggregation. | Hydroxypropyl cellulose [99], methacrylated cellulose [100] |
Dextran | Keeps the wound moist, accelerates platelet adhesion, and promotes cell migration and proliferation. | Oxidized dextran [101] |
KGM | Regulates immunity, promotes anti-inflammatory factors secretion, and macrophage M2-type polarization. | Oxidized KGM [102] |
Chondroitin sulfate | Mucosa adhesion, regulates immunity, antioxidant, reduces inflammation, and promotes cartilage regeneration. | Oxidized chondroitin sulfate [103] |
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Yang, J.; Wang, S. Polysaccharide-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives for Wound Healing: A Review. Gels 2023, 9, 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020138
Yang J, Wang S. Polysaccharide-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives for Wound Healing: A Review. Gels. 2023; 9(2):138. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020138
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jiahao, and Shige Wang. 2023. "Polysaccharide-Based Multifunctional Hydrogel Bio-Adhesives for Wound Healing: A Review" Gels 9, no. 2: 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020138