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Protocol

In Vitro Methods for Assessing the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Essential Oils as Potential Root Canal Irrigants—A Simplified Description of the Technical Steps

1
Health Sciences Research Center, International Faculty of Dental Medicine, College of Health Sciences, International University of Rabat, Technopolis Parc, Rocade of Rabat-Salé, Sala-Al Jadida 11100, Morocco
2
National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, ‘VINCA’ Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Laboratory of Bioactives, Health and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 50050, Morocco
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Methods Protoc. 2024, 7(4), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/mps7040050
Submission received: 19 April 2024 / Revised: 29 May 2024 / Accepted: 3 June 2024 / Published: 25 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemical and Chemical Analysis & Synthesis)

Abstract

Background: Essential oils have gained in significance due to their various biological activities, and there is a growing demand for them in many industries. The present article focuses on the technical steps for an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of essential oils for potential use as root canal irrigant in dentistry. Methods: The bioactivities of the essential oil were investigated through in vitro assays. The gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecalis was used as a micro-organism model. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was assessed using the microdilution method, and resazurin staining to determine the minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The antibiofilm effect was evaluated spectrophotometrically at 570 nm using the microplate cultivation technique and crystal violet staining. Conclusions: This article features a detailed in vitro protocol to facilitate the preparation of the essential oil samples, the bacterial suspension, and the methods used for assessment of the antibiofilm and antibacterial activities of the essential oil. The advantages of these approaches are presented in relation to the limits linked to the choice of the bacteria and the essential oil.
Keywords: in vitro; antibacterial activity; antibiofilm activity; crystal violet assay; essential oils; microdilution; root canal infection; root canal irrigant; Enterococcus faecalis in vitro; antibacterial activity; antibiofilm activity; crystal violet assay; essential oils; microdilution; root canal infection; root canal irrigant; Enterococcus faecalis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Diouchi, J.; Marinković, J.; Nemoda, M.; El Rhaffari, L.; Toure, B.; Ghoul, S. In Vitro Methods for Assessing the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Essential Oils as Potential Root Canal Irrigants—A Simplified Description of the Technical Steps. Methods Protoc. 2024, 7, 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps7040050

AMA Style

Diouchi J, Marinković J, Nemoda M, El Rhaffari L, Toure B, Ghoul S. In Vitro Methods for Assessing the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Essential Oils as Potential Root Canal Irrigants—A Simplified Description of the Technical Steps. Methods and Protocols. 2024; 7(4):50. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps7040050

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diouchi, Jihad, Jelena Marinković, Milica Nemoda, Lhoussaine El Rhaffari, Babacar Toure, and Sonia Ghoul. 2024. "In Vitro Methods for Assessing the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Essential Oils as Potential Root Canal Irrigants—A Simplified Description of the Technical Steps" Methods and Protocols 7, no. 4: 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps7040050

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