Effects of the “Run-of-River” Hydro Scheme on Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Conditions in a Mountain River of Northeastern China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Sampling and Identification
2.3. Physical Habitat Assessment
2.4. Methods of Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Physical and Chemical Variables
Variables | Units | Upper Sites | Depleted Sites | Lower Sites | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | S9 | ||
Depth | m | 0.34 (0.03) | 0.31 (0.06) | 0.24 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.02) | 0.17 (0.04) | 0.18 (0.03) | 0.28 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.04) | 0.23 (0.02) |
Velocity | m/s | 0.56 (0.12) | 0.53 (0.11) | 0.56 (0.01) | 0.21 (0.01) | 0.24 (0.06) | 0.27 (0.02) | 0.34 (0.09) | 0.21 (0.01) | 0.37 (0.05) |
DO | mg/L | 10.13 (0.01) | 10.38 (0.09) | 10.20 (0.08) | 9.22 (0.08) | 9.29 (0.01) | 9.57 (0.04) | 9.27 (0.01) | 9.19 (0.03) | 9.11 (0.02) |
Temp | °C | 20.23 (0.03) | 20.80 (0.31) | 19.50 (0.20) | 19.97 (0.12) | 19.73 (0.03) | 20.07 (0.17) | 19.43 (0.03) | 19.37 (0.03) | 19.33 (0.03) |
PH | − | 7.69 | 7.36 | 7.30 | 7.27 | 7.23 | 7.19 | 7.25 | 7.27 | 7.25 |
CODMn | mg/L | 5.70 | 4.60 | 4.70 | 4.50 | 4.80 | 4.80 | 4.60 | 4.50 | 4.40 |
COD | mg/L | 19.50 | 16.10 | 16.10 | 15.40 | 16.30 | 16.50 | 15.90 | 15.40 | 14.60 |
BOD5 | mg/L | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
NH3-N | mg/L | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.15 |
TP | mg/L | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 |
TN | mg/L | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.26 |
CB Cobble | % | 60.00 | 37.00 | 42.40 | 22.89 | 32.92 | 28.32 | 30.73 | 34.61 | 27.92 |
GC Gravel | % | 27.01 | 38.86 | 35.35 | 50.66 | 45.73 | 48.16 | 38.90 | 34.10 | 39.70 |
GF Gravel | % | 7.80 | 15.69 | 13.23 | 21.94 | 17.20 | 19.90 | 20.90 | 16.20 | 20.70 |
SA Sand | % | 4.00 | 8.10 | 9.02 | 4.20 | 3.70 | 3.10 | 9.10 | 14.50 | 11.10 |
3.2. Assemblage Composition
Class Genus/Species | Relative Abundances (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Upper Reach | Depleted Reach | Lower Reach | |
Insecta | |||
Polypedilum sordens | 0.79 | 6.49 | 2.19 |
Cryptochironomus defectus | 3.95 | 14.32 | 4.50 |
Chironomus plumosus | 5.89 | 9.19 | 7.30 |
Pocladius choreus | 1.58 | 2.43 | 2.68 |
Cinygma sp1 | 4.58 | − | − |
Cinygma sp2 | 4.42 | − | − |
Epeorus uenoi | 11.26 | 7.03 | 3.53 |
Drunella sp1 | 7.53 | 0.00 | 5.60 |
Drunella sp2 | 14.32 | 0.00 | 17.76 |
Ephemerella sp | 14.47 | 3.24 | 8.52 |
Ephemera sp | 10.53 | 7.84 | 10.22 |
Baetis sp | 0.63 | 0.00 | 4.38 |
Potamanthus huoshanensis | 1.84 | 5.68 | 2.07 |
Elmidae | 2.16 | − | 0.73 |
Dytiscidae | 0.11 | 2.97 | − |
Ieptoceridae | 0.37 | − | − |
Hydropsychidae | 4.32 | 2.16 | 9.85 |
Gomphidae | 3.16 | 7.03 | 7.54 |
Muscidae | − | 1.89 | − |
Oligochaeta | |||
Tubificidae | 2.47 | 8.11 | 1.82 |
Clitellata | |||
Glossiphonia sp | 1.42 | − | 2.43 |
Whitmania sp | 1.95 | − | 0.61 |
Gastropoda | |||
Radix ovata | 1.00 | 5.41 | 2.92 |
Oncomelania | 1.26 | 15.41 | 5.35 |
Bivalvia | |||
Corbicula | − | 0.81 | − |
3.3. FFG Variations
Group | Positive Correlation Coefficients | Negative Correlation Coefficients |
---|---|---|
Scr | Velocity * (0.453) DO ** (0.783) Cobble * (0.408) | TN † (−0.321) Fine Gravel † (−0.346) |
Shr | − | NH3-N * (−0.373) |
Prd | Coarse Gravel * (0.377) | − |
C-g | Velocity * (0.452) DO ** (0.646) Cobble * (0.434) | Fine Gravel * (−0.370) |
C-f | Water Temp.** (0.770) NH3-N * (0.138) Sand ** (0.694) | − |
4. Discussion
4.1. The Effects of ROR Scheme on Spatial Variations in Habitat Conditions
4.2. Response of Macroinvertebrate Structure and Biodiversity to ROR Scheme
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wang, H.; Chen, Y.; Liu, Z.; Zhu, D. Effects of the “Run-of-River” Hydro Scheme on Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Conditions in a Mountain River of Northeastern China. Water 2016, 8, 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/w8010031
Wang H, Chen Y, Liu Z, Zhu D. Effects of the “Run-of-River” Hydro Scheme on Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Conditions in a Mountain River of Northeastern China. Water. 2016; 8(1):31. https://doi.org/10.3390/w8010031
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Haoran, Yongcan Chen, Zhaowei Liu, and Dejun Zhu. 2016. "Effects of the “Run-of-River” Hydro Scheme on Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Conditions in a Mountain River of Northeastern China" Water 8, no. 1: 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/w8010031