Reports

7 pages, 207 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Anisometropic Patient and Current Bioelectrical Activity in the Masticatory and Cervical Muscles

by Grzegorz Zieliński, Anna Woźniak, Michał Ginszt, Jacek Szkutnik, Nicola Marchili, Marcin G. Prost, Piotr Gawda and Robert Rejdak

Reports 2024, 7(3), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030054 - 10 Jul 2024

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Abstract

(1) Background: This study aims to analyze the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory and cervical muscles in a subject with anisometropia. (2) Methods: A female patient aged 23 years with a best-corrected visual acuity of 1.0 in the right eye and 0.1 in the left eye, a refractive error of −2.25 Dsph in the right eye and +4.25 Dsph in the left eye, and astigmatism of −1.75 Dcyl axis 24° was examined. A comprehensive ophthalmological examination and the study of the bioelectrical activity of the muscles were carried out. During the ophthalmological examination, best-corrected visual acuity was determined, refractive error (spherical equivalent) was assessed, and additionally, retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, axial length, and intraocular pressure were measured. (3) Results: It was demonstrated that higher tension in the resting mandibular position and pain-free maximum unassisted opening were observed on the right side (myopia). Conversely, higher tension during maximum voluntary clenching in the intercuspal position and maximum voluntary clenching on dental cotton rolls in the intercuspal position was observed on the left side (hyperopia and astigmatism). (4) Conclusions: In the case study, muscle asymmetry was demonstrated, which is likely associated with anisometropia. This phenomenon requires further investigation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Ophthalmology)

8 pages, 2852 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

ADEM as an Initial Presentation of SLE: A Case Report

by Yousuf Sherwani, Ayham Alsaab and Mohan Sengodan

Reports 2024, 7(3), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030053 - 5 Jul 2024

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Abstract

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the white matter. The pathophysiology is thought to be immune-mediated as in most cases the condition follows an infection or triggering incident. More recent literature has demonstrated that there may be a link between autoimmune conditions and ADEM. Here we present a case of ADEM in a middle-aged woman with systemic lupus erythematosus that recovered well after treatment with corticosteroids and rituximab. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Allergy/Immunology)

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11 pages, 1142 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Influencing Abdominal Compliance during CO₂ Insufflation in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery

by Ezgi Yıldırım, K. Sanem Cakar Turhan, Aysegul Güven, Derya Gökmen and Menekse Özcelik

Reports 2024, 7(3), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030052 - 28 Jun 2024

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of patient demographic and anatomical characteristics on abdominal compliance (AC), which represents the slope of the pressure–volume (P–V) curve of the abdominal cavity and is a measure of the ease of abdominal dilatation. The study included 90 patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Subcutaneous adipose tissue and abdominal muscle thickness were measured using ultrasonography. The mean AC was calculated during insufflation using the formula (ΔV/ΔP). The relationship between demographic and anatomical variables and AC was investigated. The results demonstrated that AC was higher in men, the elderly, and women with a history of pregnancy, and lower in patients with a history of abdominal surgery. No significant correlation was found between AC and BMI, abdominal muscle thickness, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. These findings suggest that morbid obesity, a common comorbidity in laparoscopic surgery, and well-developed abdominal muscles are not indicators of low AC. However, gender, age, pregnancy history, and previous abdominal surgery affect AC during laparoscopic surgery. By taking these factors into account during preoperative evaluation, it may be possible to predict patients with low AC, which could improve perioperative outcomes through the application of individualized intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during pneumoperitoneum. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Surgery)

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6 pages, 3804 KiB

Open AccessInteresting Images

Gingival Cyst of the Adult: A Case Description with a Relevant Literature Analysis

by Marta Forte, Antonio d’Amati, Alfonso Manfuso, Massimiliano Vittoli, Giorgia Girone, Eliano Cascardi and Saverio Capodiferro

Reports 2024, 7(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030051 - 24 Jun 2024

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Abstract

Gingival cysts of the adult are rare and benign odontogenic lesions of the oral cavity, accounting for almost 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. Their differential diagnosis is still challenging for surgeons as it includes other gingival inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions and peripheral odontogenic tumors. The aim of this paper is to report a new case occurring in an adult, analyzing the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features as guidelines for a differential diagnosis. We report a 49-year-old patient complaining of a small, pigmented lesion localized on the attached gingiva with no history of trauma, which was surgically excised and histologically diagnosed as a gingival cyst. A differential diagnosis may be challenging for clinicians it includes a wide spectrum of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, so a correct diagnostical–therapeutical approach is needed to avoid possible overtreatment and minimize the recurrence rate. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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6 pages, 2178 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Facial Cellulitis of Unusual Odontogenic Origin

by Alexandre Perez, Valerio Cimini, Vincent Lenoir and Tommaso Lombardi

Reports 2024, 7(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030050 - 21 Jun 2024

Viewed by 356

Abstract

A healthy man in his 40s was referred to the Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit of Geneva University Hospital for diagnosis and management of facial swelling affecting the right side of his lower jaw. The patient’s history revealed that the patient had been hit by several punches to the face a few months earlier. To investigate the swelling, an intra-oral radiograph, an orthopantomographic radiograph, and computed tomography were performed, which revealed no fracture of the lower jaw but the presence of a partly impacted fractured wisdom tooth (third molar). This finding, together with the clinical status, indicated cellulitis most likely related to the presence of a fractured wisdom tooth. The decision was made to proceed with tooth extraction, and follow-up at 3 weeks showed good healing and complete resolution of facial swelling. This case highlights that odontogenic infection can also occur as a result of necrosis following the fracture of an impacted wisdom tooth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Dentistry/Oral Medicine)

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Reports, Volume 7, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 5 articles

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