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Diabetology, Volume 5, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 2 articles

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9 pages, 441 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Analysis of Different Foveal Avascular Zone Metrics in Healthy and Diabetic Subjects
by Ouafa Sijilmassi
Diabetology 2024, 5(3), 246-254; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology5030019 (registering DOI) - 30 Jun 2024
Viewed by 136
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to assess the size and shape of the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy subjects. The study used 80 OCTA images from the FAZID dataset. The FAZ size [...] Read more.
The primary aim of this study was to assess the size and shape of the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy subjects. The study used 80 OCTA images from the FAZID dataset. The FAZ size was measured by its area, perimeter, and maximum/minimum Feret diameters. The shape was assessed using the axial ratio, circularity, roundness, and solidity. These metrics were calculated automatically using Matlab® R2020b. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 28.0, with a p-value of less than 0.01 considered significant. The results showed that the FAZ area was significantly larger in diabetic eyes (mean = 0.50 mm2) compared to control eyes (mean = 0.37 mm2), with a p-value of less than 0.01. Both the maximum and minimum diameters of the FAZ were also significantly larger in diabetic groups compared to the control group. Parameters associated with FAZ’s shape were significantly smaller in the diabetic groups than in the control group, except for the axial ratio. The main finding of this study is that diabetic eyes without clinically detectable diabetic retinopathy exhibit morphological changes and irregularities at the FAZ border. Full article
12 pages, 269 KiB  
Review
Overweight and Obesity in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Growing Challenge
by Sanja Klobučar, Dijana Detel, Miljenka Igrec, Ajda Bergoč, Valentina Rahelić and Dario Rahelić
Diabetology 2024, 5(3), 234-245; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology5030018 - 24 Jun 2024
Viewed by 364
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes is increasing and reflects the rates of the general adult population. The coexistence of overweight or obesity and type 1 diabetes poses a major challenge to effective glycemic and weight management. In addition, [...] Read more.
The prevalence of obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes is increasing and reflects the rates of the general adult population. The coexistence of overweight or obesity and type 1 diabetes poses a major challenge to effective glycemic and weight management. In addition, individuals living with T1D and overweight or obesity are at greater cardiometabolic risk and are more prone to develop chronic complications in comparison to normal weight individuals with type 1 diabetes. Although obesity represents a growing challenge in the type 1 diabetes population, awareness of this issue is still low. This review provides a summary of current data on prevalence trends, causes, current strategies, and challenges in managing obesity in adults with type 1 diabetes. Full article
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