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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
New Materials and Procedures for the Preservation-Restoration of Ancient Artifacts
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New Materials and Procedures for the Preservation-Restoration of Ancient Artifacts

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 November 2024 | Viewed by 809

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ion Sandu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Arheoinvest Centre, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research–Department of Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd, 700506 Iasi, Romania
Interests: cultural heritage; environmental protection; forensic science; materials science and engineering; scientific investigation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Rodica Mariana Ion

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Doctoral School of Engineering Sciences, Valahia University of Targoviste, 35 Lt. Stancu Ion, 130105 Targoviste, Romania
Interests: nanomaterials; conservation/preservation/restoration of artifacts; analytical investigations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on highlighting the latest contributions in the field of materials and procedures for the preservation and restoration of cultural heritage artifacts.

A wide range of applications will be considered, including cleaning, consolidation, repagination, structural and polychrome reintegration, museum protection and displaying, and air conditioning.

These applications will be related to new materials and technologies compatible with traditional ecological and economical techniques. The basis of their development will be modern aspects of materials science and engineering within the conservation science of cultural heritage artifacts.

The materials studied can be from the nano-scale to the macro-scale, including alloys, ceramics, composites, natural and synthetic polymers, etc.

For this Special Issue of Applied Sciences, we welcome the submission of a variety of reviews and articles in the above fields, from theoretical approaches (modeling or simulation) to advanced insights into materials and procedures.

Prof. Dr. Ion Sandu
Prof. Dr. Rodica Mariana Ion
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • historical artefacts
  • archaeometry
  • archeology
  • architectural monuments
  • conservation state
  • degradation
  • deterioration
  • preservation
  • restauration
  • scientific investigation
  • compatibility
  • feasibility
  • authentication
  • patrimonial evaluation
  • valorization
  • museums
  • nanomaterials
  • cleaning
  • consolidation
  • coatings
  • protective layers/protective films
  • binders
  • pigments
  • alloys
  • ceramics
  • stone
  • glass
  • wood
  • composites materials
  • easel paintings
  • wall paintings
  • statues
  • mosaics
  • stained glass
  • textiles
  • skin
  • parchment
  • paper (cellulosic support)
  • natural and synthetic polymers, concrete
  • mortar

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 6545 KiB  
Article
Compositional and Microstructural Investigations of Prehistoric Ceramics from Southern Romania (Middle Neolithic Pottery)
by Rodica-Mariana Ion, Ancuta-Elena Pungoi, Lorena Iancu, Ramona Marina Grigorescu, Gabriel Vasilievici, Anca Irina Gheboianu, Sofia Slamnoiu-Teodorescu and Elvira Alexandrescu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(13), 5755; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135755 - 1 Jul 2024
Viewed by 369
Abstract
In this paper, based on our previous expertise on ceramic artifacts, several archaeometric methods applied to some samples collected from the Dudești archaeological site (Oltenia region, Romania) are reported for the first time in the literature. The chemical composition, and microstructural and morphological [...] Read more.
In this paper, based on our previous expertise on ceramic artifacts, several archaeometric methods applied to some samples collected from the Dudești archaeological site (Oltenia region, Romania) are reported for the first time in the literature. The chemical composition, and microstructural and morphological characterization of these samples offer important conclusions about the processing conditions. Some specific techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF), optical microscopy (OM), stereomicroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy provide compositional information about composition and the decay processes. Additionally, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method helps to estimate pore sizes and specific surface areas. A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/TDG) was used to establish details regarding the production technology and also the raw materials source used to make the ceramics. The obtained results indicated that the ceramics are based on a paste of muscovite and feldspar, with high plasticity, together with quartz and hematite/goethite and calcite, the latter in very low concentrations. According to the obtained results, we could assume that clays from the investigated samples had a low concentration of calcium. Gypsum is present as paste in a very low concentration, identified by the presence of a sulphate group in WDXRF. In the same context, iron oxides have a significant impact on the firing atmosphere of iron-rich clay, resulting in blackening under reducing conditions and a reddish coloration under oxidative conditions. The use of hematite and gypsum as pigments further contributes to the color variations in the pottery. The consistent firing temperature range of 200–600 °C in Dudești pottery implies a standardized production process, the variation in color being dependent on the specific reducing/oxidative regime conditions (reducing atmosphere followed by rapid oxidation). This relationship between clay composition and local sources suggests a connection to Neolithic pottery production in the region and their color depending on the reducing/oxidative regime conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Materials and Procedures for the Preservation-Restoration of Ancient Artifacts)
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