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Infectious Diseases and Molecular Epidemiology: Focus on Pathogenic Microorganisms
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Infectious Diseases and Molecular Epidemiology: Focus on Pathogenic Microorganisms

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 1524

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Haiyan Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: infectious disease; molecular epidemiology; human viruses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, which lead to a massive burden of disability and death, have always been terrifying threats to human beings. Emerging pathogens including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebola virus, Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 have caused great harm to human beings. Fast, accurate and cost-effective detection and identification of pathogens and analysis of epidemiological characteristics are crucial to prevent and control infectious disease epidemics. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment of infectious diseases are of great significance to prevent disease progression of infectious diseases. Therefore, the aim of current special issue is to focus on the advance in epidemiology, detection, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, especially for emerging infectious diseases.

We welcome the submission of original studies, review articles, and comprehensive review that relate to molecular aspect of epidemiology, detection, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

Dr. Haiyan Yang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infectious disease
  • malaria
  • meningitis
  • pathogene

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 559 KiB  
Article
Genetic Markers of Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin in Moscow, Russia
by Natalia Bodunova, Larisa Tsapkova, Vera Polyakova, Irina Baratova, Konstantin Rumyantsev, Natalia Dekhnich, Karina Nikolskaya, Margarita Chebotareva, Irina Voynovan, Elena Parfenchikova, Galina Pronina, Ekaterina Chernikova and Dmitry Bordin
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(7), 6665-6674; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46070397 (registering DOI) - 29 Jun 2024
Viewed by 241
Abstract
The Maastricht VI/Florence consensus recommends, as one of the measures to enhance the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori infection eradication, a personalized treatment approach involving the selection of an antimicrobial agent based on the pre-determined resistance of H. pylori. To address the need to [...] Read more.
The Maastricht VI/Florence consensus recommends, as one of the measures to enhance the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori infection eradication, a personalized treatment approach involving the selection of an antimicrobial agent based on the pre-determined resistance of H. pylori. To address the need to develop test systems for personalized drug selection, this study was designed to analyze the molecular resistance of H. pylori using a newly developed Sanger sequencing test platform. The characteristics of the test system were determined on 25 pure culture samples of H. pylori with known resistance. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting resistance to clarithromycin was 100% and those to levofloxacin were 93% and 92%, respectively. The test system has been tested in real clinical practice on 112 H. pylori-positive patients who had not previously received proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or antibacterial drugs. Mutations indicating resistance to clarithromycin were found in 27 (24%) samples and those indicating resistance to levofloxacin were found in 26 (23%) samples. Double resistance was observed in 16 (14%) samples. The most common mutations leading to clarithromycin resistance were 2143G and 2142G and to levofloxacin resistance—261A and 271A in the gyrA gene, which account for 69% of all identified genetic determinants in levofloxacin-resistant bacteria. Thus, a personalized approach to the selection of H. pylori eradication therapy based on the detection of bacterial resistance before prescribing first-line therapy could help to avoid the prescription of ineffective H. pylori eradication therapies and, overall, contribute to the control of antibiotic resistance of H. pylori. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases and Molecular Epidemiology: Focus on Pathogenic Microorganisms)
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20 pages, 2441 KiB  
Article
Uropathogenic E. coli and Hybrid Pathotypes in Mexican Women with Urinary Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Molecular and Phenotypic Overview
by Manuel G. Ballesteros-Monrreal, Pablo Mendez-Pfeiffer, Bryan Ortíz, Enrique Bolado-Martínez, Maritza Lizeth Álvarez-Ainza, Yessica Enciso-Martínez, Margarita M. P. Arenas-Hernández, Betsaida Diaz-Murrieta, Edwin Barrios-Villa and Dora Valencia
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(6), 5909-5928; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060353 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 561
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and carries virulence and resistance factors often found in mobilizable genetic elements, such as plasmids or pathogenicity islands (PAIs). UPEC is part of the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), but [...] Read more.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and carries virulence and resistance factors often found in mobilizable genetic elements, such as plasmids or pathogenicity islands (PAIs). UPEC is part of the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), but hybrid strains possessing both diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and ExPEC traits, termed “hypervirulent”, present a significant health threat. This study assessed the prevalence of UPEC PAIs, ExPEC sequence types (ST), DEC genes, carbapenemase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes, resistance genotypes, and plasmids in 40 clinical isolates of UPEC. Results showed that 72.5% of isolates had PAIs, mainly PAI IV536 (53%). ESBL phenotypes were found in 65% of β-lactam-resistant isolates, with 100% of carbapenem-resistant isolates producing carbapenemase. The predominant ESBL gene was blaCTX-M-2 (60%), and the most common resistance gene in fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside-resistant isolates was aac(6′)Ib (93%). Plasmids were present in 57% of isolates, and 70% belonged to the ST131 clonal group. Molecular markers for DEC pathotypes were detected in 20 isolates, with 60% classified as hybrid pathotypes. These findings indicate significant pathogenic potential and the presence of hybrid pathotypes in E. coli UTI clinical isolates in the Mexican population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases and Molecular Epidemiology: Focus on Pathogenic Microorganisms)
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Review

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20 pages, 1517 KiB  
Review
Glutathione in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
by Thomas Erdos, Mika Masuda and Vishwanath Venketaraman
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(6), 5530-5549; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060330 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 320
Abstract
A large portion of patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have neurologic sequelae. Those with better-controlled HIV via antiretroviral therapies generally have less severe neurologic symptoms. However, for many patients, antiretrovirals do not adequately resolve symptoms. Since much of the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS [...] Read more.
A large portion of patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have neurologic sequelae. Those with better-controlled HIV via antiretroviral therapies generally have less severe neurologic symptoms. However, for many patients, antiretrovirals do not adequately resolve symptoms. Since much of the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS (Autoimmune Deficiency Syndrome) involves oxidative stress either directly, through viral interaction, or indirectly, through inflammatory mechanisms, we have reviewed relevant trials of glutathione supplementation in each of the HIV-associated neurocognitive diseases and have found disease-specific results. For diseases for which trials have not been completed, predicted responses to glutathione supplementation are made based on relevant mechanisms seen in the literature. It is not sufficient to conclude that all HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) will benefit from the antioxidant effects of glutathione supplementation. The potential effects of glutathione supplementation in patients with HAND are likely to differ based on the specific HIV-associated neurocognitive disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases and Molecular Epidemiology: Focus on Pathogenic Microorganisms)
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