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A Focus on the Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Diseases
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A Focus on the Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 1687

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Delia Lidia Şălaru

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Interests: venous and arterial thrombosisme
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases result from a complex dysfunction of different effectors, pathways, and molecular circuits. Deciphering the underlying mechanisms of heart and blood vessel diseases, integrating known biology with newly discovered advanced molecular technology, opens a new

perspective on the possibility of the prevention and/or diagnosis of cardiovascular pathology.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to submit their findings on novel biomarkers, new pathomechanisms, and emerging therapeutic targets from a molecular point of view regarding the entire spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, from atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis to emerging concepts in heart failure. Molecular substrates in arrhythmias, genetic disorders, and genetic susceptibility, as well as highlights of interactions between other organs and systems and structural cardiac diseases, are more than welcome.

Dr. Delia Lidia Şălaru
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular diseases
  • heart diseases
  • blood vessel diseases
  • atherosclerosis
  • atherothrombosis
  • heart failure

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3569 KiB  
Article
Low Levels of IgM Recognizing 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal-Modified Apolipoprotein A-I Peptide and Its Association with the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Taiwanese Patients
by Meng-Huan Lei, Po-Wen Hsu, Yin-Tai Tsai, Chen-Chi Chang, I-Jung Tsai, Hung Hsu, Ming-Hui Cheng, Ying-Li Huang, Hung-Tse Lin, Yu-Cheng Hsu and Ching-Yu Lin
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(6), 6267-6283; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060374 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 380
Abstract
Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) are associated with cardiovascular disease risks. We aimed to examine the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) modification of ApoA-I in coronary artery disease (CAD) and evaluate the potential risk of autoantibodies against their unmodified and HNE-modified peptides. We assessed plasma levels [...] Read more.
Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) are associated with cardiovascular disease risks. We aimed to examine the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) modification of ApoA-I in coronary artery disease (CAD) and evaluate the potential risk of autoantibodies against their unmodified and HNE-modified peptides. We assessed plasma levels of ApoA-I, HNE-protein adducts, and autoantibodies against unmodified and HNE-peptide adducts, and significant correlations and odds ratios (ORs) were examined. Two novel CAD-specific HNE-peptide adducts, ApoA-I251–262 and ApoA-I70–83, were identified. Notably, immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-ApoA-I251–262 HNE, IgM anti-ApoA-I70–83 HNE, IgG anti-ApoA-I251–262, IgG anti-ApoA-I70–83, and HNE-protein adducts were significantly correlated with triglycerides, creatinine, or high-density lipoprotein in CAD with various degrees of stenosis (<30% or >70%). The HNE-protein adduct (OR = 2.208-fold, p = 0.020) and IgM anti-ApoA-I251–262 HNE (2.046-fold, p = 0.035) showed an increased risk of progression from >30% stenosis in CAD. HNE-protein adducts and IgM anti-ApoA-I251–262 HNE may increase the severity of CAD at high and low levels, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A Focus on the Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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16 pages, 4922 KiB  
Article
Identification of Key Hypolipidemic Components and Exploration of the Potential Mechanism of Total Flavonoids from Rosa sterilis Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Zebrafish Experiment
by Boxiao Wu, Churan Li, Xulu Luo, Huan Kan, Yonghe Li, Yingjun Zhang, ** Rao, ** Zhao and Yun Liu
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(6), 5131-5146; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060308 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 611
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease that severely affects human health. Currently, commonly used clinical therapeutic drugs are prone to drug dependence and toxic side effects. Dietary intervention for treating chronic metabolic diseases has received widespread attention. Rosa sterilis is a characteristic [...] Read more.
Hyperlipidemia is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease that severely affects human health. Currently, commonly used clinical therapeutic drugs are prone to drug dependence and toxic side effects. Dietary intervention for treating chronic metabolic diseases has received widespread attention. Rosa sterilis is a characteristic fruit tree in China whose fruits are rich in flavonoids, which have been shown to have a therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia; however, their exact molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of R. sterilis total flavonoid extract (RS) on hyperlipidemia and its possible mechanisms. A hyperlipidemic zebrafish model was established using egg yolk powder and then treated with RS to observe changes in the integral optical density in the tail vessels. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to investigate the potential mechanism of action of RS for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The results showed that RS exhibited favorable hypolipidemic effects on zebrafish in the concentration range of 3.0–30.0 μg/mL in a dose-dependent manner. Topological and molecular docking analyses identified HSP90AA1, PPARA, and MMP9 as key targets for hypolipidemic effects, which were exerted mainly through lipolytic regulation of adipocytes and lipids; pathway analysis revealed enrichment in atherosclerosis, chemical carcinogenic-receptor activation pathways in cancers, and proteoglycans in prostate cancer and other cancers. Mover, chinensinaphthol possessed higher content and better target binding ability, which suggested that chinensinaphthol might be an important component of RS with hypolipidemic active function. These findings provide a direction for further research on RS interventions for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A Focus on the Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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Review

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13 pages, 731 KiB  
Review
The Evolving Role of Calcium Channel Blockers in Hypertension Management: Pharmacological and Clinical Considerations
by Kamryn E. Jones, Shaun L. Hayden, Hannah R. Meyer, Jillian L. Sandoz, William H. Arata, Kylie Dufrene, Corrado Ballaera, Yair Lopez Torres, Patricia Griffin, Adam M. Kaye, Sahar Shekoohi and Alan D. Kaye
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(7), 6315-6327; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46070377 - 22 Jun 2024
Viewed by 493
Abstract
Worldwide, hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. An estimated 122 million people, per the American Heart Association in 2023, have been diagnosed with this common condition. It is generally agreed that the primary goal in the treatment of [...] Read more.
Worldwide, hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. An estimated 122 million people, per the American Heart Association in 2023, have been diagnosed with this common condition. It is generally agreed that the primary goal in the treatment of hypertension is to reduce overall blood pressure to below 140/90 mmHg, with a more optimal goal of 130/80 mmHg. Common medications for treating hypertension include calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and diuretics. CCBs are one of the most widely studied agents and are generally recommended as first-line therapy alone and in combination therapies. This is largely based on the vast knowledge of CCB mechanisms and their minimal side effect profile. CCBs can be separated into two classes: dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyridine. Non-dihydropyridine CCBs act on voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels of cardiac and smooth muscle to decrease muscle contractility. Dihydropyridine CCBs act by vasodilating the peripheral vasculature. For many patients with only mild increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (e.g., stage 1 hypertension), the medical literature indicates that CCB monotherapy can be sufficient to control hypertension. In this regard, CCB monotherapy in those with stage 1 hypertension reduced renal and cardiovascular complications compared to other drug classes. Combination therapy with CCBs and angiotensin receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors has been shown to be an effective dual therapy based on recent meta-analyses. This article is a review of calcium channel blockers and their use in treating hypertension with some updated and recent information on studies that have re-examined their use. As for new information, we tried to include some information from recent studies on hypertensive treatment involving calcium channel blockers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A Focus on the Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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