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Diagnostics
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Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023
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Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 6759

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Parham Pezeshk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
Interests: imaging of arthritis; spondyloarthritis; bone and soft tissue tumors; neurography

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new and improved imaging technologies has revolutionized our ability to diagnose pathologies more accurately and at an earlier stage, enabling clinicians to provide better care for their patients. In the past decade, musculoskeletal imaging has particularly benefited from advancements in more sophisticated imaging tools and scanners, which have allowed radiologists to narrow their differential diagnoses and play a crucial role in patient management.

Exciting ongoing research on incorporating artificial intelligence into diagnostic imaging presents a promising future for improving patient care. In this Special Issue, we are pleased to present perspectives on selected topics in musculoskeletal imaging.

Dr. Parham Pezeshk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • imaging
  • diagnostic
  • musculoskeletal

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 6908 KiB  
Article
Predicting Rheumatoid Arthritis Development Using Hand Ultrasound and Machine Learning—A Two-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study
by Mahyar Daskareh, Azin Vakilpour, Erfan Barzegar-Golmoghani, Saeid Esmaeilian, Samira Gilanchi, Fatemeh Ezzati, Majid Alikhani, Elham Rahmanipour, Niloofar Amini, Mohammad Ghorbani and Parham Pezeshk
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1181; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111181 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 518
Abstract
Background: The early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are essential to prevent joint damage and enhance patient outcomes. Diagnosing RA in its early stages is challenging due to the nonspecific and variable clinical signs and symptoms. Our study aimed to identify [...] Read more.
Background: The early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are essential to prevent joint damage and enhance patient outcomes. Diagnosing RA in its early stages is challenging due to the nonspecific and variable clinical signs and symptoms. Our study aimed to identify the most predictive features of hand ultrasound (US) for RA development and assess the performance of machine learning models in diagnosing preclinical RA. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with 326 adults who had experienced hand joint pain for less than 12 months and no clinical arthritis. We assessed the participants clinically and via hand US at baseline and followed them for 24 months. Clinical progression to RA was defined according to the ACR/EULAR criteria. Regression modeling and machine learning approaches were used to analyze the predictive US features. Results: Of the 326 participants (45.10 ± 11.37 years/83% female), 123 (37.7%) developed clinical RA during follow-up. At baseline, 84.6% of the progressors had US synovitis, whereas 16.3% of the non-progressors did (p < 0.0001). Only 5.7% of the progressors had positive PD. Multivariate analysis revealed that the radiocarpal synovial thickness (OR = 39.8), PIP/MCP synovitis (OR = 68 and 39), and wrist effusion (OR = 12.56) on US significantly increased the odds of develo** RA. ML confirmed these US features, along with the RF and anti-CCP levels, as the most important predictors of RA. Conclusions: Hand US can identify preclinical synovitis and determine the RA risk. The radiocarpal synovial thickness, PIP/MCP synovitis, wrist effusion, and RF and anti-CCP levels are associated with RA development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023)
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15 pages, 5754 KiB  
Article
Differences in Anatomic Adaptation and Injury Patterns Related to Valgus Extension Overload in Overhead Throwing Athletes
by Kathryn J. Stevens, Akshay S. Chaudhari and Karin J. Kuhn
Diagnostics 2024, 14(2), 217; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14020217 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 837
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to determine differences in adaptative and injury patterns in the elbow related to valgus extension overload (VEO) in overhead throwing athletes by age. A total of 86 overhead throwing athletes and 23 controls underwent MRI or MR [...] Read more.
The purpose of our study was to determine differences in adaptative and injury patterns in the elbow related to valgus extension overload (VEO) in overhead throwing athletes by age. A total of 86 overhead throwing athletes and 23 controls underwent MRI or MR arthrography (MRA) of the elbow. Throwing athletes were divided by age into three groups: ≤16 years (26 subjects), 17–19 years (25 subjects), and ≥20 years (35 subjects). Consensus interpretation of each MRI was performed, with measurements of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) thickness and subchondral sclerosis at the radial head, humeral trochlea, and olecranon process. A higher frequency of apophyseal and stress injuries was seen in adolescent athletes and increased incidence of soft tissue injuries was observed in older athletes. Early adaptive and degenerative changes were observed with high frequency independent of age. Significant differences were observed between athletes and controls for UCL thickness (p < 0.001) and subchondral sclerosis at the radial head (p < 0.001), humeral trochlea (p < 0.001), and olecranon process (p < 0.001). Significant differences based on athlete age were observed for UCL thickness (p < 0.001) and subchondral sclerosis at the olecranon process (p = 0.002). Our study highlights differences in anatomic adaptations related to VEO at the elbow between overhead throwing athletes and control subjects, as well as across age in throwing athletes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023)
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12 pages, 2643 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Prediction of New Vertebral Fractures after Vertebral Augmentation with a Radiomics Nomogram
by Yang Jiang, Wei Zhang, Shihao Huang, Qing Huang, Haoyi Ye, Yurong Zeng, **n Hua, **hui Cai, Zhifeng Liu and Qingyu Liu
Diagnostics 2023, 13(22), 3459; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223459 - 16 Nov 2023
Viewed by 885
Abstract
The occurrence of new vertebral fractures (NVFs) after vertebral augmentation (VA) procedures is common in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), leading to painful experiences and financial burdens. We aim to develop a radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of NVFs after [...] Read more.
The occurrence of new vertebral fractures (NVFs) after vertebral augmentation (VA) procedures is common in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), leading to painful experiences and financial burdens. We aim to develop a radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of NVFs after VA. Data from center 1 (training set: n = 153; internal validation set: n = 66) and center 2 (external validation set: n = 44) were retrospectively collected. Radiomics features were extracted from MRI images and radiomics scores (radscores) were constructed for each level-specific vertebra based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The radiomics nomogram, integrating radiomics signature with presence of intravertebral cleft and number of previous vertebral fractures, was developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The predictive performance of the vertebrae was level-specific based on radscores and was generally superior to clinical variables. RadscoreL2 had the optimal discrimination (AUC ≥ 0.751). The nomogram provided good predictive performance (AUC ≥ 0.834), favorable calibration, and large clinical net benefits in each set. It was used successfully to categorize patients into high- or low-risk subgroups. As a noninvasive preoperative prediction tool, the MRI-based radiomics nomogram holds great promise for individualized prediction of NVFs following VA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023)
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Review

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19 pages, 19902 KiB  
Review
Imaging Features of Plantar Vein Thrombosis: An Easily Overlooked Condition in the Differential Diagnosis of Foot Pain
by Frederico Celestino Miranda, Adham do Amaral e Castro, Fábio Brandão Yoshimura, Alexandre Leme Godoy-Santos, Durval do Carmo Barros Santos, Laercio Alberto Rosemberg and Atul Kumar Taneja
Diagnostics 2024, 14(2), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14020126 - 5 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3180
Abstract
Plantar vein thrombosis is a venous disorder affecting deep plantar veins that can manifest with non-specific localized pain, plantar foot pain, swelling, and sensation of fullness. Plantar veins are not routinely assessed during sonographic scans for deep venous thrombosis, which makes plantar venous [...] Read more.
Plantar vein thrombosis is a venous disorder affecting deep plantar veins that can manifest with non-specific localized pain, plantar foot pain, swelling, and sensation of fullness. Plantar veins are not routinely assessed during sonographic scans for deep venous thrombosis, which makes plantar venous thrombosis a commonly missed diagnosis. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the venous anatomy of the foot and imaging findings of plantar venous thrombosis as well as discusses the current literature on the topic and its differential diagnoses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023)
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Other

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18 pages, 2147 KiB  
Systematic Review
Screening for Asymptomatic Osteonecrosis of the Hip in Systemic Lupus Erythematous: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of MRI-Based Prevalence
by Hamza A. Ibad, Elena Ghotbi, Arta Kasaeian, Adam S. Levin, Lynne C. Jones, Yoshimi Anzai, Maryam Soltanolkotabi, Neena Kapoor, Pamela T. Johnson and Shadpour Demehri
Diagnostics 2024, 14(3), 279; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030279 - 27 Jan 2024
Viewed by 851
Abstract
Objective. This paper aims to estimate asymptomatic hip osteonecrosis prevalence in SLE patients using MRI examination and to determine the prevalence among higher risk subpopulations. Materials and Methods. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS were searched from inception to May 9th, 2023. [...] Read more.
Objective. This paper aims to estimate asymptomatic hip osteonecrosis prevalence in SLE patients using MRI examination and to determine the prevalence among higher risk subpopulations. Materials and Methods. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS were searched from inception to May 9th, 2023. Studies on patients who were clinically diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus without reported symptoms attributable to hip osteonecrosis were included. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Data collected from each study include the study year, the number of hips screened, the number of hips with osteonecrosis, demographics, laboratory data, medications, follow-up time, radiological protocols, and MRI-based osteonecrosis detection and grading criteria. Results. Eleven eligible studies including 503 participants (15–35 years old; 74–100% female) with SLE were identified. Significant risk of bias was determined in one study. The overall prevalence of osteonecrosis of the hip was found to be 14% (184/1006 hip joints, 95% confidence interval: 7–22%, number needed to scan: 7.1). SLE patients who received corticosteroid treatment had a higher prevalence of asymptomatic hip osteonecrosis (18%) compared to non-corticosteroid users (0%, p-value < 0.01). Additionally, meta-regression results revealed that daily corticosteroid dose was associated with increased prevalence of asymptomatic osteonecrosis (0.5%/milligram, p-value < 0.01). Conclusions. The high prevalence of asymptomatic hip osteonecrosis in SLE patients raises concerns about the timeliness of interventions. The limitations of this study include a relatively low number of identified studies; and one study lacked full-text availability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Musculoskeletal Imaging 2023)
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