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Emerging Approaches to Cancer Immunotherapy
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Emerging Approaches to Cancer Immunotherapy

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 3220

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eva Latorre

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: microbiota; PRRs; gut–brain axis; innate immunity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Joaquin Marco-Brualla

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: mitochondria; cancer metabolism; immunotherapy; inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, immunotherapy has established as a first line treatment against several types of cancer. The emergence of this field, compared to chemotherapy, is enabling new promising tools to treat patients. Strategies such as checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) technology are leading new possibilites and better outcomes for patients. Nevertheless, as cancer researchers and physicians already know, not all tumors respond equally to immunotherapy, and there is still room for improvement.

For this Special Issue, we would like to bring together recent advances and novel approaches that enable effective and safe cancer immunotherapy, with the goal to further facilitate its clinical translation. It is intended to cover a broad spectrum of related topics, including adoptive cell therapy, checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines and immunomodulatory agents, among others. This Special Issue will present original research work as well as scientific reviews, aiming to address the cutting edge advances in cancer immunotherapy.

Dr. Eva Latorre
Dr. Joaquin Marco-Brualla
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • monoclonal antibodies
  • adoptive cell therapy
  • cancer vaccines
  • immunoediting
  • checkpoint inhibitors
  • immuno-genic cell death
  • immunomodulatory agents

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1130 KiB  
Article
Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Boost Antitumoral Natural Killer Cell Activity
by Marina Pérez, Berta Buey, Pilar Corral, David Giraldos and Eva Latorre
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(13), 3885; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133885 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 260
Abstract
Background: The intestinal microbiota can regulate numerous host functions, including the immune response. Through fermentation, the microbiota produces and releases microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can affect host homeostasis. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiome can have [...] Read more.
Background: The intestinal microbiota can regulate numerous host functions, including the immune response. Through fermentation, the microbiota produces and releases microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can affect host homeostasis. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiome can have a major impact on cancer. Specific gut microbial composition and metabolites are associated with tumor status in the host. However, their effects on the antitumor response have scarcely been investigated. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in antitumor immunity due to their ability to directly identify and eliminate tumor cells. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SCFAs on antitumoral NK cell activity, using NK-92 cell line. Results: Here, we describe how SCFAs can boost antitumoral NK cell activity. The SCFAs induced the release of NK extracellular vesicles and reduced the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The SCFAs also increased the cytotoxicity of the NK cells against multiple myeloma cells. Conclusions: Our results indicate, for the first time, the enormous potential of SCFAs in regulating antitumoral NK cell defense, where modulation of the SCFAs’ production could play a fundamental role in cancer immunotherapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Approaches to Cancer Immunotherapy)
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15 pages, 3271 KiB  
Article
DR5 Up-Regulation Induced by Dichloroacetate Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Lipid Nanoparticles Decorated with TRAIL
by Joaquín Marco-Brualla, Diego de Miguel, Luis Martínez-Lostao and Alberto Anel
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(2), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020608 - 12 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1877
Abstract
Cancer resistance to treatments is a challenge that researchers constantly seek to overcome. For instance, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potential good prospect as an anti-cancer therapy, as it attacks tumor cells but not normal cells. However, treatments based in soluble TRAIL [...] Read more.
Cancer resistance to treatments is a challenge that researchers constantly seek to overcome. For instance, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potential good prospect as an anti-cancer therapy, as it attacks tumor cells but not normal cells. However, treatments based in soluble TRAIL provided incomplete clinical results and diverse formulations have been developed to improve its bioactivity. In previous works, we generated a new TRAIL formulation based in its attachment to the surface of unilamellar nanoliposomes (LUV-TRAIL). This formulation greatly increased apoptosis in a wide selection of tumor cell types, albeit a few of them remained resistant. On the other hand, it has been described that a metabolic shift in cancer cells can also alter its sensitivity to other treatments. In this work, we sought to increase the sensitivity of several tumor cell types resistant to LUV-TRAIL by previous exposure to the metabolic drug dichloroacetate (DCA), which forces oxidative phosphorylation. Results showed that DCA + LUV-TRAIL had a synergistic effect on both lung adenocarcinoma A549, colorectal HT29, and breast cancer MCF7 cells. Despite DCA inducing intracellular changes in a cell-type specific way, the increase in cell death by apoptosis was clearly correlated with an increase in death receptor 5 (DR5) surface expression in all cell lines. Therefore, DCA-induced metabolic shift emerges as a suitable option to overcome TRAIL resistance in cancer cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Approaches to Cancer Immunotherapy)
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