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PET/CT Imaging in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities
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PET/CT Imaging in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nuclear Medicine & Radiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2024 | Viewed by 1445

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Arnoldo Piccardo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nuclear Medicine Unit, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
Interests: nuclear medicine; radioactive iodine therapy; differentiated thyroid cancer; PET/CT; pediatrics; neuroblastoma; 131I MIBG therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Francesco Fiz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nuclear Medicine Unit, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
Interests: nuclear medicine; radioisotope therapy; PET/CT; hematology; plaque imaging; image segmentation; texture analysis; radiomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

PET/CT has been the fastest-growing image modality in recent decades. This growth has been bolstered, on one hand, by the approval of new radiotracers, which have been instrumental in addressing the known limitations of FDG. On the other hand, the constant research of new possible indications of FDG-PET has led to the implementation of this tracer in many new clinical settings (e.g., image-guided surgery). Finally, advanced image analysis (including, but not limited to, radiomics, machine learning, automatic target segmentation, computer vision, augmented reality, etc.) has given new value to the acquired data and possesses the potential to increase the volume of information that imaging specialists and clinicians are able to extract from images. These aspects represent the pillars that will support the further growth of nuclear medicine. This Special Issue aims to include a selection of high-quality papers on the clinical and research applications of FDG and non-FDG tracers. Moreover, it will include scientific reports of advanced methods of image analysis, with a particular focus on image-based dosimetry and quantification, automatic segmentation, tumor burden calculation, computer-assisted diagnosis, and machine learning methods. The overall objective of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of the future directions of molecular imaging research, and, more in general, of innovative image analysis techniques.

I am pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue, entitled "PET/CT Imaging in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities". This is a new volume of a Special Issue in which we published 16 papers in its first incarnation. For further details, please visit: https://mdpi.longhoe.net/journal/jcm/special_issues/PET_CT_Imaging

Dr. Arnoldo Piccardo
Dr. Francesco Fiz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PET/CT
  • tumor
  • diagnosis
  • molecular imaging
  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • Artificial Intelligence

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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15 pages, 860 KiB  
Review
[18F]F-Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor Radiotracers for Imaging PARP Expression and Their Potential Clinical Applications in Oncology
by Honest Ndlovu, Ismaheel O. Lawal, Sipho Mdanda, Mankgopo M. Kgatle, Kgomotso M. G. Mokoala, Akram Al-Ibraheem and Mike M. Sathekge
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(12), 3426; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13123426 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 474
Abstract
Including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in managing patients with inoperable tumors has significantly improved outcomes. The PARP inhibitors hamper single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair by trap** poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) at sites of DNA damage, forming a non-functional “PARP enzyme–inhibitor complex” leading to cell cytotoxicity. [...] Read more.
Including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in managing patients with inoperable tumors has significantly improved outcomes. The PARP inhibitors hamper single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair by trap** poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) at sites of DNA damage, forming a non-functional “PARP enzyme–inhibitor complex” leading to cell cytotoxicity. The effect is more pronounced in the presence of PARP upregulation and homologous recombination (HR) deficiencies such as breast cancer-associated gene (BRCA1/2). Hence, identifying HR-deficiencies by genomic analysis—for instance, BRCA1/2 used in triple-negative breast cancer—should be a part of the selection process for PARP inhibitor therapy. Published data suggest BRCA1/2 germline mutations do not consistently predict favorable responses to PARP inhibitors, suggesting that other factors beyond tumor mutation status may be at play. A variety of factors, including tumor heterogeneity in PARP expression and intrinsic and/or acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors, may be contributing factors. This justifies the use of an additional tool for appropriate patient selection, which is noninvasive, and capable of assessing whole-body in vivo PARP expression and evaluating PARP inhibitor pharmacokinetics as complementary to the currently available BRCA1/2 analysis. In this review, we discuss [18F]Fluorine PARP inhibitor radiotracers and their potential in the imaging of PARP expression and PARP inhibitor pharmacokinetics. To provide context we also briefly discuss possible causes of PARP inhibitor resistance or ineffectiveness. The discussion focuses on TNBC, which is a tumor type where PARP inhibitors are used as part of the standard-of-care treatment strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PET/CT Imaging in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities)
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16 pages, 1298 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Clinical Role of CXCR4-Targeted PET on Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A Systematic Review
by Maryam Zamanian, Domenico Albano, Giorgio Treglia, Alessio Rizzo and Iraj Abedi
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(10), 2945; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13102945 - 16 May 2024
Viewed by 699
Abstract
Background/Objectives: We conducted a comprehensive investigation to explore the pathological expression of the CXCR4 receptor in lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT or PET/MRI technology. The PICO question was as follows: What is the diagnostic role (outcome) of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: We conducted a comprehensive investigation to explore the pathological expression of the CXCR4 receptor in lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT or PET/MRI technology. The PICO question was as follows: What is the diagnostic role (outcome) of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET (intervention) in patients with LPDs (problem/population)? Methods: The study was written based on the reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, and it was registered on the prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) website (CRD42024506866). A comprehensive computer literature search of Scopus, MEDLINE, Scholar, and Embase databases was conducted, including articles indexed up to February 2024. To the methodological evaluation of the studies used the quality assessment of diagnosis accuracy studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Results: Of the 8380 records discovered, 23 were suitable for systematic review. Fifteen studies (on 571 LPD patients) focused on diagnosis and staging, and eight trials (194 LPD patients) assessed treatment response. Conclusions: The main conclusions that can be inferred from the published studies are as follows: (a) [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET may have excellent diagnostic performance in the study of several LPDs; (b) [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET may be superior to [18F]FDG or complementary in some LPDs variants and settings; (c) multiple myeloma seems to have a high uptake of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor. Overall, this technique is probably suitable for imaging, staging, and follow-up on patients with LPD. Due to limited data, further studies are warranted to confirm the promising role of [68Ga]Ga-Pantixafor in this context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PET/CT Imaging in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities)
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