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Microorganisms
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Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition
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Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 5086

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Garry X. Shen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departments of Internal Medicine, Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, 835-715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
Interests: diabetes; nutrition; gut microbiome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous Special Issue, “Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota”.

Gut microbiome is a key homeostasis component for maintaining normal health, and its imbalance is implicated in the development of a number of common chronic and inflammatory diseases. Foods are the most important regulators for gut microbiomes. This Special Issue includes up-to-date research related to the effects of food, nutrient supplementation, and dietary therapy on gut microbiota in animal models, healthy subjects, or patients with chronic or inflammatory diseases from around the world. Research outcomes will help readers understand the roles of nutritional intake on the regulation of gut microbiota and the health of hosts, and encourage the use of nutritional prebiotic foods to prevent and manage relevant health disorders.

Dr. Garry X. Shen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • foods
  • nutrients
  • gut microbiome
  • prebiotics
  • animals
  • humans
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • inflammation
  • digestion
  • metabolism
  • short-chain fatty acids
  • glucose metabolism

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5067 KiB  
Article
Disrupted Microbiota of Colon Results in Worse Immunity and Metabolism in Low-Birth-Weight **hua Newborn Piglets
by Jiaheng Li, Zeou Wei, Fangfang Lou, **aojun Zhang, Jiujun Duan, Chengzeng Luo, Xu** Hu, **guang Tu, Lei Liu, Ruqing Zhong, Liang Chen, **zhong Du and Hongfu Zhang
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1371; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071371 - 4 Jul 2024
Viewed by 333
Abstract
The **hua pig is well known in China due to its delicious meat. However, because of large litter size, low birth weight always happens. This experiment used this breed as a model to research bacterial evidence leading to growth restriction and provide a [...] Read more.
The **hua pig is well known in China due to its delicious meat. However, because of large litter size, low birth weight always happens. This experiment used this breed as a model to research bacterial evidence leading to growth restriction and provide a possible solution linked to probiotics. In this experiment, the differences in organs indexes, colonic morphology, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, microbiome, and transcriptome were detected between piglets in the standard-birth-weight group (SG) and low-birth-weight group (LG) to find potential evidence leading to low birth weight. We found that LG piglets had a lower liver index (p < 0.05), deeper colonic crypt depth (p < 0.05), fewer goblet cells (p < 0.05), and more inflammatory factor infiltration. In addition, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in B-cell immunity and glucose metabolism, and LG piglets had lower concentrations of SCFAs, especially butyrate and isobutyrate (p < 0.05). Finally, most of the significantly differentially abundant microbes were fewer in LG piglets, which affected DEG expressions and SCFA concentrations further resulting in worse energy metabolism and immunity. In conclusion, colonic disrupted microbiota may cause worse glucose metabolism, immunity, and SCFA production in LG piglets, and beneficial microbes colonized in SG piglets may benefit these harmful changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 3491 KiB  
Article
Distinct Plasma Metabolomic and Gut Microbiome Profiles after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diet Treatment: Implications for Personalized Dietary Interventions
by Kameron Y. Sugino, Teri L. Hernandez, Linda A. Barbour, Jennifer M. Kofonow, Daniel N. Frank and Jacob E. Friedman
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1369; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071369 - 4 Jul 2024
Viewed by 255
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) triggers alterations in the maternal microbiome. Alongside metabolic shifts, microbial products may impact clinical factors and influence pregnancy outcomes. We investigated maternal microbiome-metabolomic changes, including over 600 metabolites from a subset of the “Choosing Healthy Options in Carbohydrate Energy” [...] Read more.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) triggers alterations in the maternal microbiome. Alongside metabolic shifts, microbial products may impact clinical factors and influence pregnancy outcomes. We investigated maternal microbiome-metabolomic changes, including over 600 metabolites from a subset of the “Choosing Healthy Options in Carbohydrate Energy” (CHOICE) study. Women diagnosed with GDM were randomized to a diet higher in complex carbohydrates (CHOICE, n = 18, 60% complex carbohydrate/25% fat/15% protein) or a conventional GDM diet (CONV, n = 16, 40% carbohydrate/45% fat/15% protein). All meals were provided. Diets were eucaloric, and fiber content was similar. CHOICE was associated with increases in trimethylamine N-oxide, indoxyl sulfate, and several triglycerides, while CONV was associated with hippuric acid, betaine, and indole propionic acid, suggestive of a healthier metabolome. Conversely, the microbiome of CHOICE participants was enriched with carbohydrate metabolizing genes and beneficial taxa such as Bifidobacterium adolescentis, while CONV was associated with inflammatory pathways including antimicrobial resistance and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. We also identified latent metabolic groups not associated with diet: a metabolome associated with less of a decrease in fasting glucose, and another associated with relatively higher fasting triglycerides. Our results suggest that GDM diets produce specific microbial and metabolic responses during pregnancy, while host factors also play a role in triglycerides and glucose metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 7325 KiB  
Article
Priestia megaterium ASC-1 Isolated from Pickled Cabbage Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Degrading Uric Acid in Rats
by Wenjuan Zhu, Siyuan Bi, Zhijia Fang, Lukman Iddrisu, Qi Deng, Lijun Sun and Ravi Gooneratne
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040832 - 20 Apr 2024
Viewed by 978
Abstract
Pickled cabbage, a traditional fermented food rich in functional microorganisms, can effectively control hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, a Priestia megaterium ASC-1 strain with strong uric acid (UA) degradation ability was isolated from pickled cabbage. After oral administration for 15 days, ASC-1 [...] Read more.
Pickled cabbage, a traditional fermented food rich in functional microorganisms, can effectively control hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, a Priestia megaterium ASC-1 strain with strong uric acid (UA) degradation ability was isolated from pickled cabbage. After oral administration for 15 days, ASC-1 was stably colonized in the rats in this study. ASC-1 significantly reduced UA levels (67.24%) in hyperuricemic rats. Additionally, ASC-1 alleviated hyperuricemia-related inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and blood urea nitrogen. Intestinal microbial diversity results showed that ASC-1 restored intestinal injury and gut flora dysbiosis caused by hyperuricemia. These findings suggest that P. megaterium ASC-1 may be used as a therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 6714 KiB  
Article
Effects of Yu**feng Polysaccharides as Feed Supplement on Immune Function and Intestinal Microbiome in Chickens
by Wendan Zheng, Yuling Guan and Bo Wu
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2774; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112774 - 15 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1032
Abstract
The health of chicks is closely related to their productivity. Yu**feng polysaccharide (YPF-P) is a kind of water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from Yu**feng powder; it has high pharmacological activity and can be used as a potential substitute for antibiotics to improve the health of [...] Read more.
The health of chicks is closely related to their productivity. Yu**feng polysaccharide (YPF-P) is a kind of water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from Yu**feng powder; it has high pharmacological activity and can be used as a potential substitute for antibiotics to improve the health of chicks. This study aimed to investigate the effects of YPF-P on immune performance, the duodenum, and the cecal microflora of chicks. All chickens (4224) were randomly distributed into four groups (eight replicas/group, 132 hens/replica). The control group was fed a basal diet (0 g/kg YPF-P), while the experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 1, 2, or 4 g/kg YPF-P. The results showed that YPF-P significantly increased the thymus index (p < 0.05). The content of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) was upregulated in the serum by YPF-P (p < 0.05). YPF-P decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). Further, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that 2 g/kg YPF-P modulated the predominant duodenum and cecal microbial community structure, which increased the number of Faecalibacterium, Megamonas, Bacteroides, Alistipes, NK4A214_group, and Enterococcus. In conclusion, YPF-P ameliorated the growth performance of chicks by regulating serum immune and antioxidant balance, as well as the intestinal microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 3415 KiB  
Article
Influence of Brown or Germinated Brown Rice Supplementation on Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Microbiome in Diet-Induced Insulin-Resistant Mice
by Ruozhi Zhao, Janice Fajardo and Garry X. Shen
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2629; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112629 - 25 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1172
Abstract
Intake of whole grain foods is associated with improving metabolic profile compared to refined grain products, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study examined the effects of brown rice (BRR) or germinated brown rice (GBR) supplementation on fecal short-chain fatty acids [...] Read more.
Intake of whole grain foods is associated with improving metabolic profile compared to refined grain products, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study examined the effects of brown rice (BRR) or germinated brown rice (GBR) supplementation on fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and relationship with gut microbiota, metabolism and inflammation in high fat (HF)-diet-fed mice. The results demonstrated that an HF diet supplemented with BRR or GBR comparably increased the abundance of fecal isobutyric acid compared to that in mice receiving HF+white rice (WHR) diet (p < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acid in HF+GBR-diet-fed mice was higher than those receiving HF+WHR diet (p < 0.05). The abundances of fecal isobutyric acid negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibit-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (p < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acids negatively correlated with insulin resistance (p < 0.05). The abundances of isobutyric acid positively correlated with Lactobacillus, but negatively correlated with Dubosiella genus bacteria (p < 0.05). The findings demonstrated that the increases in SCFAs in the feces of BRR and GBR-treated mice were associated with improvements in gut microbiome, metabolic and inflammatory profile, which may contribute to the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of the whole grains in HF-diet-fed mice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation on Gut Microbiota, 2nd Edition)
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