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Symmetry
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Symmetry in Hadron Physics
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Symmetry in Hadron Physics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1978

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jialun **

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Nan**g Normal University, Nan**g 210023, China
Interests: cosmology elementary; particle physics; experimental physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the advance of high-energy physics experiments, new hadron states are continuously reported and experimental data on hadron properties are accumulated. To understand the experimental data, various pictures, conventional three-quark baryons, quark-antiquark mesons, pentaquark states, tetraquark states, quark-gluon hybrid states, glue-ball, etc., are proposed. The study of the hadron spectrum is in a golden era. Just as the study of the atomic spectrum leads to the invention of quantum mechanics, the study of the hadron spectrum will deepen our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Because of the nonperturbative property and complexity of QCD, one cannot directly apply QCD to hadron physics. Various methods are proposed. Clearly, symmetry plays a fundamental role in these approaches. In fact, the Gel-Mann–Zweig quark model was based on SU(3) flavor symmetry. Nowadays, various symmetries, chiral symmetry and its breaking, heavy-quark spin symmetry, hidden local symmetry, etc., are proposed and applied in hadron physics.

The underlying intention of the Special Issue “Symmetry in Hadron Physics” is to collect research articles and reviews on the study of symmetry in hadrons. It is expected that a reasonable picture of hadrons can be set up. Please note that all submitted papers must be within the general scope of Symmetry.

Prof. Dr. Jialun **
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hadrons
  • quantum chromodynamics
  • baryon spectrum
  • meson spectrum
  • multiquark states
  • exotic states

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 704 KiB  
Article
Radial Oscillations of Strange Quark Stars Admixed with Dark Matter
by Yu Zhen, Ting-Ting Sun, **-Biao Wei, Zi-Yue Zheng and Huan Chen
Symmetry 2024, 16(7), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070807 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 277
Abstract
We investigate the equilibrium structure and radial oscillations of strange quark stars admixed with fermionic dark matter. For strange quark matter, we employ a stiff equation of state from a color-superconductivity improved bag model. For dark matter, we adopt the cold free Fermi [...] Read more.
We investigate the equilibrium structure and radial oscillations of strange quark stars admixed with fermionic dark matter. For strange quark matter, we employ a stiff equation of state from a color-superconductivity improved bag model. For dark matter, we adopt the cold free Fermi gas model. We rederive and numerically solve the radial oscillation equations of two-fluid stars based on general relativity, in which the dark matter and strange quark matter couple through gravity and oscillate with the same frequency. Our results show that the stellar maximum mass and radius are reduced by inclusion of dark matter. As to the fundamental mode of the radial oscillations, the frequency f0 is also reduced comparing to pure strange stars, and f02 reaches the zero point at the maximum stellar mass with dM/dϵq,c=0. Therefore, the stability criteria f02>0 and dM/dϵq,c>0 are consistent in our dark matter-mixed strange quark stars with a fixed fraction of dark matter. We also find a discontinuity of f0 as functions of the stellar mass, in contrast to the continuous function in pure strange stars. And it is also accompanied with discontinuity of the oscillation amplitudes as well as a discontinuous in-phase-to-out-phase transition between oscillations of dark matter and strange quark matter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Hadron Physics)
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12 pages, 523 KiB  
Article
A Bridge between Trace Anomalies and Deconfinement Phase Transitions
by Bing-Kai Sheng and Yong-Liang Ma
Symmetry 2024, 16(6), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060718 - 10 Jun 2024
Viewed by 328
Abstract
Inspired by the fact that both the dilaton potential encoding the trace anomalies of QCD and the Polyakov loop potential measuring the deconfinement phase transition can be expressed in the logarithmic forms, as well as the fact that the scale symmetry is expected [...] Read more.
Inspired by the fact that both the dilaton potential encoding the trace anomalies of QCD and the Polyakov loop potential measuring the deconfinement phase transition can be expressed in the logarithmic forms, as well as the fact that the scale symmetry is expected to be restoring and colors are deconfined in extreme conditions such as high temperatures and/or densities, we conjecture a relation between the dilaton potential and the Polyakov loop potential. Explicitly, we start from the Coleman–Weinberg type potential of a real scalar field—a dilaton or conformal compensator—and make an ansatz of the relation between this scalar field and the Polyakov loop to obtain the Polyakov loop potential, which can be parameterized in Lattice QCD (LQCD) in the pure glue sector. We find that the coefficients of Polyakov potential fitted from Lattice data are automatically satisfied in this ansatz, the locations of deconfinement and scale restoration are locked to each other, and the first-order phase transition can be realized. Extensions to the low-energy effective quark models are also discussed. The conjectured relation may deepen our understanding of the evolution of the universe, the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking, the phase diagram of QCD matter, and the properties of neutron stars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Hadron Physics)
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19 pages, 1097 KiB  
Article
Quantum Chromodynamics of the Nucleon in Terms of Complex Probabilistic Processes
by Ashot S. Gevorkyan and Aleksander V. Bogdanov
Symmetry 2024, 16(3), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16030256 - 20 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1009
Abstract
Despite the obvious progress made by the Feynman, Ravndal, and Kislinger relativistic model in describing the internal motion of a system with confinement of quarks in a nucleon, it turned out to be insufficiently realistic for a number of reasons. In particular, the [...] Read more.
Despite the obvious progress made by the Feynman, Ravndal, and Kislinger relativistic model in describing the internal motion of a system with confinement of quarks in a nucleon, it turned out to be insufficiently realistic for a number of reasons. In particular, the model does not take into account some cornerstone properties of QCD, namely, gluon exchange between quarks, the influence of the resulting quark sea on valence quarks, and the self-interaction of colored gluons. It is these phenomena that spontaneously break the chiral symmetry of the quark system and form the bulk of the nucleon. To eliminate the above shortcomings of the model, the problem of self-organization of a three-quark dynamical system immersed in a colored quark–antiquark sea is considered within the framework of complex probabilistic processes that satisfy the stochastic differential equation of the Langevin–Kline–Gordon–Fock type. Taking into account the hidden symmetry of the internal motion of a dynamical system, a mathematically closed nonperturbative approach was developed, which makes it possible to construct the mathematical expectation of the wave function and other parameters of the nucleon in the form of multiple integral representations. It is shown that additional subspaces arising in a representation characterized by a noncommutative geometry with topological features participate in the formation of an effective interaction between valence quarks against the background of harmonic interaction between them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Hadron Physics)
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