Batch-Injection Amperometric Determination of Glucose Using a NiFe2O4/Carbon Nanotube Composite Enzymeless Sensor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Reagents, Solutions, and Samples
2.2. Synthesis and Characterization of NiFe2O4
2.3. Preparation of NiFe2O4@MWCNTs Suspension and Modification of the GCE Surface
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of NiFe2O4 and NiFe2O4@MWCNT Composite
3.2. Electrochemical Behavior of NiFe2O4 and Its Voltammetric Response for GLU
3.3. Amperometric Study of NiFe2O4@MWCNT/GCE Using BIA-AD System
3.4. Application of NiFe2O4@MWCNT/GCE for the Determination of GLU in Synthetic Urine Using the BIA-AD System
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Analytical Parameters | Electrodes | |
---|---|---|
MWCNT/GCE | NiFe2O4@MWCNT/GCE | |
r2 | 0.98 | 0.99 |
Sensitivity (µAL µmol−1) | 0.018 ± 0.001 | 0.052 ± 0.001 |
Intercept (µA) | −0.012 | 2.094 |
LOD (µmol L−1) | 84 | 24 |
Sample | Spiked/µmol L−1 | Found/µmol L−1 | Recovery/% |
---|---|---|---|
Synthetic urine | 100 | 83.9 | 83.9 |
300 | 284.2 | 94.7 |
Material | LOD (µmol L−1) | Linear Range (mmol L−1) | Sample | Type of Sensor | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CoFe2O4/Nickel foil | 100 | 0.1–1.1 | Blood | Non-enzymatic | [71] |
CuO/NiO-C/CT | 37 | 0.1–2.5 | Human serum samples | Non-enzymatic | [72] |
ZnFe2O4/ppy | 100 | 0.1–8.0 | Human serum samples | Non-enzymatic | [73] |
Ni(OH)2/AuNP/SPE | 40 | 0.1–2.0 | Artificial saliva samples | Non-enzymatic | [11] |
CHIT/NiFe2O4/GCE | - | 0.1–20.0 | - | Enzymatic | [7] |
GOx-AC-NiFe2O4/CPE | 1100.0 | 2.0–10.0 | Blood sample | Enzymatic | [6] |
NiFe2O4/CNTs | 2.2 | 0.005–0.06 | Juice samples | Enzymatic | [5] |
NiFe2O4/CNTs | 98.0 | 0.0–3.0 and 3.2–12.4 | - | Enzymatic | [74] |
NiFe2O4@MWCNT/GCE | 24 | 0.05–0.6 | Artificial urine | Non-enzymatic | This work |
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Nascimento, A.B.; de Faria, L.V.; Matias, T.A.; Lopes, O.F.; Muñoz, R.A.A. Batch-Injection Amperometric Determination of Glucose Using a NiFe2O4/Carbon Nanotube Composite Enzymeless Sensor. Chemosensors 2024, 12, 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12060112
Nascimento AB, de Faria LV, Matias TA, Lopes OF, Muñoz RAA. Batch-Injection Amperometric Determination of Glucose Using a NiFe2O4/Carbon Nanotube Composite Enzymeless Sensor. Chemosensors. 2024; 12(6):112. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12060112
Chicago/Turabian StyleNascimento, Amanda B., Lucas V. de Faria, Tiago A. Matias, Osmando F. Lopes, and Rodrigo A. A. Muñoz. 2024. "Batch-Injection Amperometric Determination of Glucose Using a NiFe2O4/Carbon Nanotube Composite Enzymeless Sensor" Chemosensors 12, no. 6: 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12060112