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Article

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Renal and Hepatic Function after NSAID and Paracetamol Therapy

by
Aurélie Pahud de Mortanges
,
Evangelia Liakoni
,
Verena Schöning
and
Felix Hammann
*,†
Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
COVID 2024, 4(7), 910-920; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070063
Submission received: 17 May 2024 / Revised: 20 June 2024 / Accepted: 25 June 2024 / Published: 27 June 2024

Abstract

NSAIDs and paracetamol are commonly used as antipyretic treatments, which may impair renal and hepatic function, respectively. Both organ systems are also negatively affected by COVID-19. In two retrospective case–control studies, we investigated whether COVID-19 is a risk factor for the development of renal or hepatic function impairment after NSAID and paracetamol use, respectively. In the NSAID study, we defined cases as patients with a decrease of ≥15% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We matched them using a 1:2 ratio with controls who did not show a decrease in the eGFR. For the paracetamol study, we matched patients with ALT or ALP ≥ 3x, the upper limits of normal, using a 1:3 ratio with controls whose liver enzymes did not increase. In both studies, we selected demographic data, comorbidities, drug doses, and laboratory values as predictors in addition to SARS-CoV-2 test status. We applied different machine learning models to predict renal and hepatic function impairment. From the cohort of 12,263 unique adult inpatients, we found 288 cases of renal function impairment, which were matched with 576 controls, and 213 cases of liver function impairment, which were matched with 639 controls. In both case–control studies, testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was not an independent risk factor for the studied adverse drug effects.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; paracetamol; NSAIDs; drug-induced liver injury (DILI); acute kidney injury (AKI); machine learning SARS-CoV-2; paracetamol; NSAIDs; drug-induced liver injury (DILI); acute kidney injury (AKI); machine learning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pahud de Mortanges, A.; Liakoni, E.; Schöning, V.; Hammann, F. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Renal and Hepatic Function after NSAID and Paracetamol Therapy. COVID 2024, 4, 910-920. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070063

AMA Style

Pahud de Mortanges A, Liakoni E, Schöning V, Hammann F. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Renal and Hepatic Function after NSAID and Paracetamol Therapy. COVID. 2024; 4(7):910-920. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070063

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pahud de Mortanges, Aurélie, Evangelia Liakoni, Verena Schöning, and Felix Hammann. 2024. "Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Renal and Hepatic Function after NSAID and Paracetamol Therapy" COVID 4, no. 7: 910-920. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4070063

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