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Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition)
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Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 3196

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Michał Strankowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Interests: polyurethanes; nanocomposites; thermal analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Józef Tadeusz Haponiuk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Interests: polyurethanes; polymer blends; recycling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will focus on polymer nanocomposites in the context  of comparing the properties of different types of graphene, graphene derivatives and other nanofillers (carbon nanotubes (CNT), montmorillonites (MMT), etc.) introduced into the polymer matrix. In particular, the aim is to present a comparison of various types of nanomodifiers and their influences on the properties of this group of polymer materials.

These new nanocomposites, based on the polymer matrix, exhibit special properties, including strong mechnical properties, thermal stability, and permeability, in comparison to non-modified polymers. This group of materials provides a wide range of application possibilities, being of particular importance in those applications which require materials with higher thermal or mechanical properties.

This Special Issue, entitled “Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition)”, will be focused on the most recent advances in nanocomposite polymer materials, from the synthesis of polymer nanocomposites and their characterization to the potential application of these materials.

In this Special Issue of Materials, I would like to invite authors to submit original papers and reviews on polymer nanocomposites.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Polymer /graphene nanocomposites;
  • Polymer/CNT nanocomposites;
  • Polymer/MMT nanocomposites;
  • Thermal analysis of the polymer nanocomposite materials;
  • Theory of polymer nanocomposite material characterization;
  • Application of polymer nanocomposites.

Dr. Michał Strankowski
Prof. Dr. Józef Tadeusz Haponiuk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymers
  • nanocomposites
  • graphene
  • carbon nanotubes
  • montmorillonites
  • thermal analysis

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 7563 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Silanized Halloysite Nanotubes on the Structure of Polyethylene–Based Composite
by Martina Wieczorek, Tetiana Tatarchuk, Katarzyna Skórczewska, Joanna Szulc and Jolanta Tomaszewska
Materials 2024, 17(13), 3260; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133260 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 259
Abstract
Chemical modification of the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) by alkalization (with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)) and grafting with silanes (bis(trimethylsilyl)amine (HMDS)) was carried out. The efficiency of the alkalization and grafting process was evaluated by X–ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning [...] Read more.
Chemical modification of the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) by alkalization (with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)) and grafting with silanes (bis(trimethylsilyl)amine (HMDS)) was carried out. The efficiency of the alkalization and grafting process was evaluated by X–ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the nitrogen adsorption method were used. XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of bonds of trimethylsilyl groups to the HNT surface which changed the nature of the surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. In addition, it was noted that grafting with silanes decreases by 7.2% the specific surface area of the halloysite compared to the alkalized material. High–density polyethylene (HDPE) composites with halloysite (HNT), alkalized halloysite (alk–HNT), and HMDS–modified halloysite (m–HNT) were processed in the molten state in a Brabender mixer chamber. On SEM/EDS micrographs of HDPE composites with silanized HNT, a change in surface characteristics from smooth to ductile was observed. Higher melting point values based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of HDPE composites with 5%wt silanized halloysite in comparison with HNT and alk–HNT of, respectively, 2.2% and 1.4% were found, which indicates a slight beneficial influence of the filler on the quality of ordering of the crystalline phase of the matrix. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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20 pages, 3950 KiB  
Article
PHB+aPHA Blends: From Polymer Bacterial Synthesis through Blend Preparation to Final Processing by Extrusion for Sustainable Materials Design
by Tomasz M. Majka, Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos, Edyta Hebda, Adam Szeligowski, Olga Zastawny, Maciej Guzik and Krzysztof Pielichowski
Materials 2024, 17(13), 3105; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133105 - 25 Jun 2024
Viewed by 643
Abstract
The inherent brittleness of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a well-studied polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), limits its applicability in flexible and impact-resistant applications. This study explores the potential of blending PHB with a different PHA to overcome brittleness. The synthesis of PHA polymers, including PHB and an amorphous [...] Read more.
The inherent brittleness of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a well-studied polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), limits its applicability in flexible and impact-resistant applications. This study explores the potential of blending PHB with a different PHA to overcome brittleness. The synthesis of PHA polymers, including PHB and an amorphous medium-chain-length PHA (aPHA) consisting of various monomers, was achieved in previous works through canola oil fermentation. Detailed characterization of aPHA revealed its amorphous nature, as well as good thermal stability and shear thinning behavior. The blending process was carried out at different mass ratios of aPHA and PHB, and the resulting blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The blends exhibited complex DSC curves, indicating the presence of multiple crystalline forms of PHB. SEM images revealed the morphology of the blends, with PHB particles dispersed within the aPHA matrix. TGA showed similar thermal degradation patterns for the blends, with the residue content decreasing as the PHB content increased. The crystallinity of the blends was influenced by the PHB content, with higher PHB ratios resulting in an increased degree of crystallinity. XRD confirmed the presence of both α and β crystals of PHB in the blends. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of PHB+aPHA blends to enhance the mechanical properties of biopolymer materials, without com-promising the thermal stability, paving the way for sustainable material design and novel application areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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17 pages, 8489 KiB  
Article
Analytical Modeling of Wave Absorption Performance in Gradient Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites
by Qin Zhao, Fang Li and Jili Liu
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122946 - 16 Jun 2024
Viewed by 353
Abstract
Due to the low impedance matching caused by the high dielectric permittivity of graphene, the strong absorption of electromagnetic waves by graphene/polymer nanocomposites is challenging. In this paper, an analytical model for microwave absorption based on Maxwell’s equation and the effective medium theory, [...] Read more.
Due to the low impedance matching caused by the high dielectric permittivity of graphene, the strong absorption of electromagnetic waves by graphene/polymer nanocomposites is challenging. In this paper, an analytical model for microwave absorption based on Maxwell’s equation and the effective medium theory, considering the interface effect, was constructed to explore the effect of the gradient distribution of graphene in the polymer matrix on its microwave absorption performance. The outcome indicated that the impedance of the composites matched well with the air, and its attenuation ability for electromagnetic waves was obviously improved as the graphene concentration was distributed in a gradient form. For instance, when the thickness of the material is 10 mm, based on the optimal concentration of the homogeneous composites being 0.7 wt%, the graphene concentration range of the gradient composites is set to 0.7–0.9 wt% and distributed in three gradient forms of linear, parabolic, and 0.5 power. The results show that the microwave absorption performance is significantly improved compared with the homogeneous composites. Among them, the effective bandwidth on the 0.5 power distribution is 5.2 GHz, 0.5 GHz higher than that of the homogeneous composites. The minimum reflection loss (RL) is as low as −54.7 dB, which is 26.26 dB lower than that of the homogeneous composites. This paper contributes to the design and application of gradient absorbing structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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12 pages, 8208 KiB  
Article
Novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Loaded Polyvinylpyrrolidone/SiO2 Nanofiber for Wound Dressing Prepared Using Electrospinning Method
by Yeon Seo Cho, Hongjun Yoon and Sung Giu **
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2903; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122903 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 405
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have been used as wound dressings to protect skin from infection and promote wound healing. In this study, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/silicon dioxide (SD) composite nanofibers for the delivery of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), which potentially aids in wound healing. PVP/SD [...] Read more.
Electrospun nanofibers have been used as wound dressings to protect skin from infection and promote wound healing. In this study, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/silicon dioxide (SD) composite nanofibers for the delivery of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), which potentially aids in wound healing. PVP/SD composite nanofibers were optimized through electrospinning, and bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of 624.7 ± 99.6 nm were fabricated. Next, SC, a wound-healing material, was loaded onto the PVP/SD composite nanofibers. SC was encapsulated in nanofibers, and nanofibers were prepared using SC, PVP, SD, water, and ethanol in a ratio of 3:4:0.1:4.8:1.2. The formation of smooth nanofibers with protrusions around SC was confirmed using SEM. Nanofiber dressing properties were physicochemically and mechanically characterized by evaluating SEM, DSC, XRD, and FTIR images, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Additionally, a release test of active substances was performed. The absence of interactions between SC, PVP, and SD was confirmed through physicochemical evaluation, and SEM images showed that the nanofiber dressing contained SC and had a porous structure. It also showed a 100% release of SC within 30 min. Overall, our study showed that SC-loaded PVP/SD composite nanofibers prepared using the electrospinning method are promising wound dressings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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17 pages, 9158 KiB  
Article
The Effect of SiO2 Particle Size on Crystallization Behavior and Space Charge Properties for SiO2/MMT/LDPE Composites
by Hongtao Jiang, Hong Yuan, Qunguang Yu and **g **e
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1605; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071605 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 710
Abstract
The matrix material used in this paper was low-density polyethene (LDPE), and the added particles selected were silicon oxide (SiO2) particles and montmorillonite (MMT) particles. The sizes of the SiO2 particles were 1 µm, 30 nm, and 100 nm, respectively; [...] Read more.
The matrix material used in this paper was low-density polyethene (LDPE), and the added particles selected were silicon oxide (SiO2) particles and montmorillonite (MMT) particles. The sizes of the SiO2 particles were 1 µm, 30 nm, and 100 nm, respectively; three kinds of SiO2/MMT/LDPE multi-component composites were prepared based on MMT/LDPE composites doped with MMT particles. The effect of the SiO2 particle size on the crystallization behavior and space charge properties of SiO2/MMT/LDPE composites was studied. The crystalline behaviors and crystallinity of the materials were analyzed. At the same time, the changes in the relative dielectric constant εr and loss factor tanδ for each material with the influence of frequency were studied, and the space charge accumulation, residual characteristics, and apparent charge mobility of each material were explored. The results show that the smaller the size of the added particles, the smaller the grain size and the clearer the grain outline for the multi-composite material. After adding 30 nm SiO2 particles, the crystallinity of the material increases significantly. The microstructure formed by the addition of 100 nm SiO2 particles effectively restricts molecular chain movement and makes it difficult to establish the polarization of the composite. The incorporation of large-size particles can reduce the proportion of the crystalline structure for the material as a whole, resulting in the formation of a new structure to promote charge transfer. Among the three kinds of SiO2 particles, the addition of 30 nm SiO2 particles can effectively suppress the space charge, and the composite material has the lowest residual space charge after depolarization. The addition of 100 nm SiO2 particles can cause the accumulation of many homopolar charges near the anode. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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Review

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20 pages, 4207 KiB  
Review
3D-Networks Based Polymer Composites for Multifunctional Thermal Management and Electromagnetic Protection: A Mini Review
by Houbao Liu, **aohu Ji, Wei Wang and Lihua Zhou
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2400; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102400 - 16 May 2024
Viewed by 463
Abstract
The rapid development of miniaturized, high-frequency, and highly integrated microelectronic devices has brought about critical issues in electromagnetic compatibility and thermal management. In recent years, there has been significant interest in lightweight polymer-based composites that offer both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and thermal [...] Read more.
The rapid development of miniaturized, high-frequency, and highly integrated microelectronic devices has brought about critical issues in electromagnetic compatibility and thermal management. In recent years, there has been significant interest in lightweight polymer-based composites that offer both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and thermal conductivity. One promising approach involves constructing three-dimensional (3D) interconnection networks using functional fillers in the polymer matrix. These networks have been proven effective in enhancing the thermal and electrical conductivity of the composites. This mini-review focuses on the preparation and properties of 3D network-reinforced polymer composites, specifically those incorporating metal, carbon, ceramic, and hybrid networks. By comparing the effects of different filler types and distribution on the composite materials, the advantages of 3D interconnected conductive networks in polymer composites are highlighted. Additionally, this review addresses the challenges faced in the field of multifunctional thermal management and electromagnetic protection materials and provides insights into future development trends and application prospects of 3D structured composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Matrix Nanocomposite Materials (2nd Edition))
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