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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Research on Infections and Veterinary Medicine
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Research on Infections and Veterinary Medicine

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1172

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hugo C. R. Vilhena

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Guest Editor
1. Centro de Investigação Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Coimbra, Portugal
2. Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
3. Laboratório Associado de Ciência Animal e Veterinária AL4AnimaLS, Lisbon, Portugal
4. Onevetgroup Hospital Veterinário Universitário de Coimbra (HVUC), Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: infection; veterinary
Dr. Joana Ferrolho Gibson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Vasco da Gama Research Centre (CIVG), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Vasco da Gama University School, Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes 197 Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: infection; veterinary
Dr. Sofia Ferreira Anastácio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Vasco da Gama Research Centre (CIVG), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Vasco da Gama University School, Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes 197 Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: veterinary; infectious diseases, diagnosis, serology; molecular biology; bacteria; Coxiella burnetii; epidemiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious agents are of major importance in veterinary medicine. These agents, including bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi, as well as emerging and re-emerging pathogens, have spread worldwide. Different factors, such as globalization, travel of animals and humans, climate change, antimicrobial resistance, poor biosecurity measures, inadequate surveillance and reporting of infectious diseases, deforestation, habitat loss, urbanization, human–wildlife interactions and lack of vaccination, among others, contribute to the increase and spread of pathogenic agents.

From a One Health perspective, animal infections have a major impact not only on animal (domestic and wildlife) health and welfare, livestock production and other consequent economic issues, but also on environmental and public health. In fact, approximately 60–75% of emerging human infectious diseases are of zoonotic origin. The increase in infectious diseases in veterinary medicine and its consequences are complex and multifactorial, and require a coordinated multidisciplinary approach, including veterinarians, researchers, public health agents, political leaders, and the community.

Prof. Dr. Hugo C. R. Vilhena
Dr. Joana Ferrolho Gibson
Dr. Sofia Ferreira Anastácio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at mdpi.longhoe.net by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • animals
  • bacteria
  • fungi
  • infection
  • infectious agents
  • One Health
  • parasites
  • pathogens
  • public health
  • veterinary medicine
  • viruses
  • zoonosis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1415 KiB  
Article
Application of MALDI-TOF MS to Identify and Detect Antimicrobial-Resistant Streptococcus uberis Associated with Bovine Mastitis
by Tingrui Zhang, Duangporn Pichpol and Sukolrat Boonyayatra
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1332; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071332 - 29 Jun 2024
Viewed by 173
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis is a common bovine mastitis pathogen in dairy cattle. The rapid identification and characterization of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in S. uberis plays an important role in its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. In this study, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry [...] Read more.
Streptococcus uberis is a common bovine mastitis pathogen in dairy cattle. The rapid identification and characterization of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in S. uberis plays an important role in its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. In this study, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used to identify S. uberis and screen for potential AMR biomarkers. Streptococcus uberis strains (n = 220) associated with bovine mastitis in northern Thailand were identified using the conventional microbiological methods and compared with the results obtained from MALDI-TOF MS. Streptococcus uberis isolates were also examined for antimicrobial susceptibility using a microdilution method. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyze the MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of S. uberis and determine the difference between antimicrobial-resistant and -susceptible strains. Using MALDI-TOF MS, 73.18% (161/220) of the sampled isolates were identified as S. uberis, which conformed to the identifications obtained using conventional microbiological methods and PCR. Using PCR, antimicrobial-resistant strains could not be distinguished from antimicrobial-susceptible strains for all three antimicrobial agents, i.e., tetracycline, ceftiofur, and erythromycin. The detection of spectral peaks at 7531.20 m/z and 6804.74 m/z was statistically different between tetracycline- and erythromycin-resistant and susceptible strains, respectively. This study demonstrates a proteomic approach for the diagnosis of bovine mastitis and potentially for the surveillance of AMR among bovine mastitis pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Infections and Veterinary Medicine)
12 pages, 5691 KiB  
Article
Critical Involvement of the Thioredoxin Reductase Gene (trxB) in Salmonella Gallinarum-Induced Systemic Infection in Chickens
by Zhihao Zhu, Zuo Hu, Shinjiro Ojima, **aoying Yu, Makoto Sugiyama, Hisaya K. Ono and Dong-Liang Hu
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1180; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061180 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 489
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (SG) causes fowl typhoid, a notifiable infectious disease in poultry. However, the pathogenic mechanism of SG-induced systemic infection in chickens remains unclear. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxB) is a redox protein crucial for regulating various enzyme activities in Salmonella [...] Read more.
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (SG) causes fowl typhoid, a notifiable infectious disease in poultry. However, the pathogenic mechanism of SG-induced systemic infection in chickens remains unclear. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxB) is a redox protein crucial for regulating various enzyme activities in Salmonella serovar, but the role in SG-induced chicken systemic infection has yet to be determined. Here, we constructed a mutant SG strain lacking the trxB gene (trxB::Cm) and used chicken embryo inoculation and chicken oral infection to investigate the role of trxB gene in the pathogenicity of SG. Our results showed that trxB::Cm exhibited no apparent differences in colony morphology and growth conditions but exhibited reduced tolerance to H2O2 and increased resistance to bile acids. In the chicken embryo inoculation model, there was no significant difference in the pathogenicity of trxB::Cm and wild-type (WT) strains. In the chicken oral infection, the WT-infected group exhibited typical clinical symptoms of fowl typhoid, with complete mortality between days 6 and 9 post infection. In contrast, the trxB::Cm group showed a 100% survival rate, with no apparent clinical symptoms or pathological changes observed. The viable bacterial counts in the liver and spleen of the trxB::Cm-infected group were significantly reduced, accompanied by decreased expression of cytokines and chemokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, CXCLi1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), which were significantly lower than those in the WT group. These results show that the pathogenicity of the trxB-deficient strain was significantly attenuated, indicating that the trxB gene is a crucial virulence factor in SG-induced systemic infection in chickens, suggesting that trxB may become a potentially effective target for controlling and preventing SG infection in chickens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Infections and Veterinary Medicine)
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