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Modifications of Biomacromolecules and Their Structure with Functional Properties

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecular Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 4882

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
Interests: nonthermal food processing; silage processing; probiotics; food preservation; special flavor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: non-thermal food processing (PEF, CP); food microbiology; functional food development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant biological macromolecules, including proteins/enzymes, non-starch polysaccharides, and starch and dietary fibers, are regarded as major nutritional components of food and influence the texture and functional properties of food as well. To satisfy various kinds of application needs, several physicochemical modifications are employed for the modulation of biomacromolecules’ functional properties such as water solubility and low biological activity. Currently, the new global trends in macromolecules modification are focused on the use of green physical treatments including homogenization, ultrasound, cold plasma, high pressure, pulsed electric field, infrared, microwave, ultrasonic, and ozone. For these aspects, the modification of these properties based on green techniques can favor the plant biological macromolecules' productive chain, as well as provide a new ingredient for the food industry.

Although the modifications of biomacromolecules have been studied by using different methods and exhibited some promising results, their practical application in the field of food processing is limited; thus, more research focusing on the improvement of the modification methods to provide more practical application value and a greater understanding of the health benefits and functional properties of modified macromolecules is still necessary.

This Special Issue is therefore focused on the modification of biomacromolecules via green technology and its effects on the structure and properties of proteins/enzymes, non-starch polysaccharides, and starch and dietary fibers, as well as discussing the modification of macromolecules and further exploring the existing problems and future development of these methods in the food field. We call for relevant research publications to reflect the most recent progress or to highlight the most crucial scientific emphasis. You are kindly encouraged to submit a manuscript(s) to this Special Issue, wherein all research articles, communications, or scientific reviews are welcome. As suggested, the relevant topics can include, but are not limited to,  the following: 1) extraction, characterization, and modification of biomacromolecules using green techniques; 2) new modification technologies for biomacromolecules; 3) the effects of modification technologies on the functional properties of biomacromolecules; 4) the modification behaviors and mechanisms of biomacromolecules; 5) the effect of modifications of biomacromolecules on digestion and on human health.

Dr. Man-Sheng Wang
Dr. Zhi-Hong Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green technology
  • biomacromolecules
  • structure
  • functional properties
  • mechanism

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3144 KiB  
Article
Egg White Protein–Proanthocyanin Complexes Stabilized Emulsions: Investigation of Physical Stability, Digestion Kinetics, and Free Fatty Acid Release Dynamics
by Ting Zhang, Shanglin Li, Meng Yang, Yajuan Li, Xuanting Liu, **aomin Shang, **gbo Liu, Zhiyang Du and Ting Yu
Molecules 2024, 29(3), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030743 - 5 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1106
Abstract
Egg white proteins pose notable limitations in emulsion applications due to their inadequate wettability and interfacial instability. Polyphenol-driven alterations in proteins serve as an effective strategy for optimizing their properties. Herein, covalent and non-covalent complexes of egg white proteins-proanthocyanins were synthesized. The analysis [...] Read more.
Egg white proteins pose notable limitations in emulsion applications due to their inadequate wettability and interfacial instability. Polyphenol-driven alterations in proteins serve as an effective strategy for optimizing their properties. Herein, covalent and non-covalent complexes of egg white proteins-proanthocyanins were synthesized. The analysis of structural alterations, amino acid side chains and wettability was performed. The superior wettability (80.00° ± 2.23°) and rigid structure (2.95 GPa) of covalent complexes established favorable conditions for their utilization in emulsions. Furthermore, stability evaluation, digestion kinetics, free fatty acid (FFA) release kinetics, and correlation analysis were explored to unravel the impact of covalent and non-covalent modification on emulsion stability, dynamic digestion process, and interlinkages. Emulsion stabilized by covalent complex exhibited exceptional stabilization properties, and FFA release kinetics followed both first-order and Korsmeyer–Peppas models. This study offers valuable insights into the application of complexes of proteins-polyphenols in emulsion systems and introduces an innovative approach for analyzing the dynamics of the emulsion digestion process. Full article
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17 pages, 4093 KiB  
Article
The Impact of AAPH-Induced Oxidation on the Functional and Structural Properties, and Proteomics of Arachin
by Mingjuan Shen, ** Yang, Zhenxing Wang, **aomei Sha, Xuechun Zhang and Jian Sun
Molecules 2023, 28(17), 6277; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176277 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1047
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidation on the functional, structural properties and proteomic information of arachin. The results showed that moderate oxidation improved the water/oil holding capacity of proteins and increased the emulsifying [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidation on the functional, structural properties and proteomic information of arachin. The results showed that moderate oxidation improved the water/oil holding capacity of proteins and increased the emulsifying stability, while excessive oxidation increased the carbonyl content, reduced the thiol content, altered the structure and thermal stability, and reduced most of the physicochemical properties. Through LC-QE-MS analysis, it was observed that oxidation leads to various modifications in arachin, including carbamylation, oxidation, and reduction, among others. In addition, 15 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Through gene ontology (GO) analysis, these proteins primarily affected the cellular and metabolic processes in the biological process category. Further Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that the “proteasome; protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (PPER)” pathway was the most significantly enriched signaling pathway during the oxidation process of arachin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that AAPH-induced oxidation can alter the conformation and proteome of arachin, thereby affecting its corresponding functional properties. The findings of this study can potentially serve as a theoretical basis and foundational reference for the management of peanut processing and storage. Full article
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Review

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25 pages, 3950 KiB  
Review
Green Extraction of Polyphenols via Deep Eutectic Solvents and Assisted Technologies from Agri-Food By-Products
by Man Zhou, Olugbenga Abiola Fakayode and Haoxin Li
Molecules 2023, 28(19), 6852; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196852 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2328
Abstract
Polyphenols are the largest group of phytochemicals with important biological properties. Their presence in conveniently available low-cost sources, such as agri-food by-products, has gained considerable attention in their recovery and further exploitation. Retrieving polyphenols in a green and sustainable way is crucial. Recently, [...] Read more.
Polyphenols are the largest group of phytochemicals with important biological properties. Their presence in conveniently available low-cost sources, such as agri-food by-products, has gained considerable attention in their recovery and further exploitation. Retrieving polyphenols in a green and sustainable way is crucial. Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been identified as a safe and environmentally benign medium capable of extracting polyphenols efficiently. This review encompasses the current knowledge and applications of DESs and assisted technologies to extract polyphenols from agri-food by-products. Particular attention has been paid to fundamental mechanisms and potential applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. In this way, DESs and DESs-assisted with advanced techniques offer promising opportunities to recover polyphenols from agri-food by-products efficiently, contributing to a circular and sustainable economy. Full article
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